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I 8peak literally and in sincerity when I say, that were I at 
this moment offered the wealth of India, on condition that Phre- 
nology should be blotted from my mind forever, I would scorn 
the gift; nay, were every thing I possess placed in one hand, 
and Phrenology in the other, and orders issued for me to choose ; 
Phrenology, without a moments hesitation would be preferred. 

Combe. 



PHRENOLOGICAL CHART, 



SIT SUEIiSi &. SXZSR. 



A 

PHRENOLOGICAL CHART, 



A DZSCRIFTION OF THE PHENOMENA OF THE H0MAN MIND AS MACrcrBSTSD 
THROUGH THE BRAIN BY ITS VARIOUS ORGANS, 



SEVEN DEGREES OF DEVELOPMENT; 

ALSO, 
THE CHARACTER PRODUCED BY THE 

COMBINATION OF THE FACULTIES, 
ZZ.I.'aSTR^TED BV SITGRAVZXTGSu 

By P.L.BUELL & N.SIZER, 
PHRENOLOGISTS. 



Authors of "A Guide to Phrenologyj" a variety of "Phrenological Charts^'* 
. and other productions. 

JP i r 8 i Edition, ": P^ ^ ' 



WOODSTOCK, Vt.: 

PRINTED BY HASKELL AND PALMER. 

(Mercury Press.) 

1843. 



&;^N. 






1 ^-1 O ^ 



Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 18423 

By P. L» BUELL AND N. SiZER, 

in the Clerk's OiBce of the District Court of Massachusetts. 



EXPI-AWrATIOK OP THE CHART. 

All heads are large or small, or occupy some interme- 
diate size : the same is true of each of the organs ; hence 
in publishing a chart, we recognize seven sizes of the 
head and of each of the organs, and to indicate the size 
of the head, or of the organs of the head examined, we, 
use the written figures 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1. 7, shows that 
the organ is very large ; 6 large; 5 full; 4 average ; 3, 
moderate; 2 small \ and 1 very small. 

The sign t (plus, or more) signifies that the organ is 
a little larger than it is marked. The sign — (minus, or 
less) placed under a figure, shows that it is less than it is 
marked. When marked 4 to 5 &c., both sentences may 
be read, and a medium between the two will be applica- 
ble. 

In the combinations, the names of the organs are ab- 
breviated thus : Amat. for Amativeness, Philo. for Philo- 
progenitiveness, &c. — The reader is requested where it 
is not written, to supply the ellipsis, ^One having the or- 
gan large Sfc.^ 



^di/ejtoloaicai HSiiaVactc^ oi 



0xa?mnec/ ^ 



■fdA 




NAMES OF THE PHRENOLOGICAL ORGANS. 



1 Amativeness, 

2 Philoprogenitiveness, 

3 Adhesiveness, 

4 Inhabitiveness, 

5 Concentrativeness, 

6 Combativeness, 

7 Destructiveiiess, 

8 Alimentiveness, 

9 Acquisitiveness, 

10 Secretiveness, 

11 Cautiousness, 

12 Approbativeness, 

13 Self-Esteem, 
li Fijrmness, 



15 Conscientiousness, 

16 Hope, 

37 Marvellousness, 

18 Veneration, 

19 Benevolence, 

20 Constructiveness, 

21 Ideality, 

22 Sublimity, 

23 Imitation, 

24 Mirthfulness, 

25 Individuality, 

26 Form, 

27 Size, 

28 Weight, 



29 Color, 

30 Order, 

31 Number, 

32 Locality, 

33 Eventuality^ 

34 Time, 

35 Tune, 

36 Language, 

37 Comparison, 

38 Causality, 

A. Suavitiveness, 

B. Human Nature, 

C. Union for Life. 



IF miE li S3" ® Ea ® © "S" 



Phrenology teaches, First, that the brain is the organ 
or instrument of the manifestations of the mind» 

Secondly. That the mind is not a single power ; but 
composed of many distinct primary faculties. 

Thirdly. That each faculty is manifested by means 
of a special portion of the brain as its organ. 

Fourthly. That size of brain (other conditions being 
equal) is a measure of power in the mental manifesta- 
tions. These conditions are the health of the brain ; the 
fineness of its texture and the compactness, activity, and 
strength of the cerebral mass, which is produced by large 
and healthy vital organs and a well developed system 
throughout. The last of these conditions may be ascer-^ 
tained by observing the temperaments. 

The brain is divided into hemispheres; and the or-* 
gans, like those of sight, are double; and are generally 
developed alike in each hemisphere. 

The skull is designed to shield the brain from injury, 
and is moulded to accommodate it and usually exhibits 
its size and shape. 

When all the organs of the brain are equally devel- 
oped the head will be even, but when an organ or class 
of organs is large and others small, the head is irregular 
in shape. 

SZZi: OF TSEE HSAD. 

A full sized and well balanced head, should measure 
in horizontal circumference, twenty two inches, and 
from the root of the nose over the top of the head to 
the occipital protuberance at the lower portion of the 
back-head, fourteen inches, 
1* 



6 TEMPERAMENTS. 

The absolute size of the brain may be very large and 
the organs of the intellect small^ and the result will be 
great propelling, with feeble directing power. Such is 
the case with many Indian Chiefs. 

Persons having charts, therefore, should notice the size 
of each class of organs^ before summing up character. 



TZ:iM[F£B.il3M:z:XTTS. 

The word temperament, is used to express a certain 
condition of the body; or the consititution of the physi- 
cal apparatus, embracing the texture, compactness, activi-^ 
iy and strength of the system. 

Physiologists recognize four temperaments, to wit : the 
Sanguine, the Bilious, the Nervous and Lymphatic or 
Phlegmatic. 

The Vital organs, including the heart, lungs, blood 
vessels, &.c., constitute the >S^«n^wme temperament : the 
fr ame-io or k o^ the system, including the bones and mus- 
cles, the Bilious : the Brain and Nervous system, the 
Nervous or Mental temperament : and the Glands and 
Digestive organs, the Lymphatic or Phlegmatic temper- 
ament. 

We seldom find the temperaments pure. There is 
generally a mixture of two or more, in every person. 
Some possess an equal proportion of all the temperaments, 
which is the most favorable balance; but more fre- 
quently, one or two are found existing in great predom- 
inance. Webster has a predominance of the Bil- 
ious ; Clay of the Sanguine ; Calhoun, Jackson and Wise, 
of the Nervous ; each, having a mixture of the other. 

The temperaments are distinguished by external signs, 
including the complexion, and the proportion that one 
part of the system bears to others. 

Sanguine. The Sanguine temperament, is produced 
by the predominance of the vital organs and arterial sys- 
tem, and is indicated by a ruddy complexion, light or 
sandy hair, light or blue eyes, a glowing countenance, a 
strong and rapid pulse, a large chest compared with the 
head and abdominal viscera. 



TEMPERAMENTS. 7 

It gives bodily activity, a love of exercise in the open 
air, great zeal and ardor ; a general buoyancy and a 
strong current of animal feelings. Persons of this tem- 
perament are usually averse to sedentary employments or 
close study. 

Bilious. The preponderance of the muscular portion 
of the physical system, produces the bilious temperament; 
which is characterized by an athletic frame ; firm flesh ; 
a harsh outline of features ; coarse, dark hair and skin ; 
and a strong, steady pulse. It imparts energy and 
strength of mind and body ; and power to endure great 
mental and physical labor. 

Nervous. The predominance o^ ihQ brain and 7ier- 
vous system, gives rise to this temperament, which is in- 
dicated by a large brain, moderate sized vital organs, a 
thin skull, lightness of bones, small muscles, fine hair, 
thin clear skin, brilliant eyes, and sharp, pointed features. 
This produces great excitability and activity of the men- 
tal powers, a disposition to sedentary habits and a passion 
for mental labor, but weakness of the physical powers. 

Lymphatic. This condition of the system is pro- 
duced by a preponderance of the glands and digestive 
organs. It is indicated by corpulency, roundness of 
form, paleness of the countenance, dullness of the eyes, 
ash colored hair, softness of muscles, and inexpressive 
countenance. The brain partakes of the quality of the 
whole constitution, and produces coolness of passions, 
and moderate physical and mental manifestations. 

Persons of this temperament, like ease better than 
eifort, and usually seek it. 

X^iLRKIira OF TISS TXIMFZ]B.a.M££7TS. 

When all the temperaments are marked equally, the 
person will partake of the bodily and mental qualities of 
each, in an equal degree; but, if one be marked 6, and 
another 3, it shows, that double the amount of one tem- 
perament is possessed over another. The Nervous be- 
ing marked 7, indicates great mental activity— the 
Lymphatic 7, great sluggishness. All the temperaments 
being marked 3, would indicate a fair share of activity ; 



8 



CLASSIFICATION OP THE FACULTIES* 



but the person having this combination with a large 
head, will not manifest much brilliancy of intellect. The 
Bilious, Sanguine, and Nervous being marked 6, indi- 
cate, that the person has activity, and strength of mind 
and body, and the power of enduring great hardship. 



ClL.iiSSIFZ€ikTZOST OF TIXS OUGJiirS. 

Phrenological writers do not agree in the classification 
of the faculties. Some appear to have changed, merely 
for the sake of originality without any improvement. 
The classification, which seems the most consistent and 
true to nature, is that of the Messrs. Fowler, which we 
shall follow, and hereby give credit accordingly. It is 
of little consequence what numbers are employed in a 
work to designate the organs, as the faculties are not in 
the least affected by it. 

* The faculties are divided into two Classes, or Orders,' 
(feelings and intellect) ^and these are subdivided into 
^et?eraZ Genera, and these again into several Species,' 




The above cut^ shows the location of the several clas- 
hes of organs, each of which should be equally developed. 



AMATIVENESS. 9 

Order I. Affective faculties or feelings. 

These embrace all those propensities, sentiments and 
emotions, either animal, human, or moral,which may be 
denomiuBited feelings,dLX\d constitute the most vivid class of 
all the mental operations. They spring into spontaneous 
activity whenever their natural stimuli are presented, and 
produce the desii^es which demand gratification. All 
these feelings are blind in themselves, and need the guid- 
ance of an enlightened intellect, 

CrCnilS I. Propensities. 

These bring man into harmony with nature as an ani- 
mal being, and impart those desires and emotions which 
relate to his physical existence. The feelings which 
induce propagation, love of offspring, self-preservation 
and defence, are in man, precisely what they are in the 
lower animals. The propensities as a whole, impart 
force, efficiency, and general energy of character, and 
the impetus to act. 

Species !• Domestic Propensities, 

From these arise the social affections, and the desire 
for society and intercourse, and they lay the foundation for 
the connubial, fraternal and civil institutions of mankind. 

When these organs are large^the hack part of the head 
is elongated ; when small, the same region is short and 
perpendicular, 

1. AMATIVENESS. 

Reciprocal attachment and love of the sexes. 

The cerebellum, (little 6r«m^ situated between and be- 
hind the opening of the ears in the base of the skull, is 
the organ of this propensity. It is separated from the 
brain proper, by a strong membrane called the tentorium. 
The brain proper and the cerebellum, are brought into 
connection, by being united to the medulla oblongata. 

The size of the organ is determined, by the downward 



10 



AMATIVENESS, 



and backward development of the base of the skull at the 
back of the neck, and width betv/een the mastoid processes. 

Very Large. One having Amativeness very large, is 
very tender and attentive to the other sex ; seeks tfieir 
society, covets their favor, courts popularity with them, 
makes many sacrifices to please ; will seek friends in the 
opposite sex ; confide in, and trust them with secrets ; 
ever speak of them with lively emotions ; and with large 
Ideality, will celebrate them in song. 

If the whole mind be well balanced, and well instructed, 
the person will be likely to marry young, and become a 
devoted, affectionate companion, and be bound up in the 
family relation. If a father, will desire daughters, and 
love them more than sons ; if a mother, the reverse will be 
the case. 

Large. One in whom Amativeness is large, will re- 
gard the opposite sex with attention and respect ; seek 
their society ; desire intensely, to be in favor with them ; 
and try to say, and do things, so as to please ; sooner be 
unpopular with all their own, than one of the other sex; 
and always anticipate their convenience and pleasure. 

Combined with large Adhes. and Consci., the person 
will cling to one beloved object, with strong and fasting 
love. With large Ideal., will admire those who possess 
correct taste, ease, elegance, and refinement of manners; 
and with large Form, Size, Color, and Order added, will 
admire personal beauty : with large Acquis., will be indus- 
trious to provide for the wants of that friend, and with 
large Self-Esteem and Appro., will be ambitious that oth- 
ers shall appreciate their admirable qualities, and praise 
them. If the moral and intellectual faculties predominate, 
the person will regard those who are intelligent, and moral ; 
and found his choice upon those qualities; but, if the 
moral and intellectual faculties be weak, and Ideal., Ap- 
pro., and Adhes., small, the mere animal gratification of 
this faculty, will be the only bond of union ; and the re- 
sult will be, vulgarity and obscenity in language and 
manners ; inconstancy, lasciviousness, and matrimonial 
infidelity. 



AMATIVENESS. 11 

Full. One having Am at. full, will take delight in 
the society of the opposite sex, and be capable of feeling 
the keen sting of Cupid's dart; but will have less intensi- 
ty of this feeling, than is described under Amat. large* 
With large, or very large Adhes., and large moral organs, 
will be more steady and constant in connubial attach- 
ment, than remarkably ardent. 

Average. One having Amat. aterage, combined with 
an active temperament, will have some ardor of affection 
for the opposite sex ; but attended with more activity, 
than intensity, and will not be liable to abuse the faculty. 
Combined with large moral organs, the person will look 
upon licentiousness as one of the worst of crimes, and 
with Destruct. and Firm./wZ/, added, will severely censure 
those who have fallen victims to the sexual passion, and 
make no allowance for the easily besetting sin of others. 
Other motives than the sexual impulse, will operate in 
determining to early marriage ; expediency, as well as de- 
sire, will be consulted. If Acquis, be large, will be par- 
ticular to gratify it^ in the choice. 

With large Appro., and Self-Esteem, will think of the 
character, and high standing of the chosen one. With 
the intellectual and moral organs large, combined with 
very large Ideal., Order, and Appro., will select one with 
a cultivated mind, acute moral sense, and great delicacy, 
and refinement of taste and manners ; will even be fastid- 
ious in this respect. If Caution be large, and Combat, 
moderate, will be bashful, and timid in the company of 
the opposite sex; and with large Ideal,, will be chaste in 
conduct and conversation. 

Moderate. One having Amat. only moderate, will b6 
rather slow to form attachments to the other sex ; will be 
controlled by the other faculties in making a selection, 
and parsimonious of encomiums upon the rosy cheek or 
manly form, of admirers. 

If Caution be large, and Combat, and Ideal, average, 
will be retiring, distant and bashful, and lack the power 
to please, or become captivating to those having the or- 
gan, full or large ; will be forgetful of the claims of the 



m J^HILOPROGENITXVENESS. 

Other sex, and lack the common etiquette of society, and 
be respected more than loved. With Adhes. average^ 
will have a general respect for all^ rather than strong love 
for one. 

Small. One having Amat. small, M^ith an ardent tem- 
perament, vi^ill occasionally feel the promptings of the 
amorous feeling, but very rarely abuse it. Will be tem- 
perate in professions, and wanting in polite attention, 
and urbanity of manners toward the other sex. 

Very Small. One in whom Amat. is very small, is 
almost, if not wholly destitute of that feeling which re- 
gards the opposite sex as such. 

2. PHILOPROGENITIVENESS. 

Parental love, attachment to children, young animals, 
pets, Sfc, 

The organ is located in the middle of the posterior 
portion of the head, just above the occipital spine. When 
large the head is elongated from the opening of the ears 
backward, and when small, the head is short and perpen- 
dicular in the back part. 

Very Large. One in whom Philo. is very large, be- 
comes very strongly attached to children ; will do and 
sufFei^uch to please and make them happy, and feel the 
keenest anxiety for their health and general welfare ; will 
readily get acquainted with, and please the children of 
strangers ; and if Self-Esteem be moderate, will join in 
their childish sports, be fond of telling stories to please 
them, and never feel lonely in their company. With a 
well balanced development of all the organs, will watch 
with the keenest anxiety and interest, the expanding pow- 
ers of the child and also, (like the stork) be kind and 
tender to parents in their dotage. In the farmer, this 
organ very large, leads to the raising of young stock , 
fondness for horses, pet dogs, birds, &c. 



PHILOPROGENITIVENESS. 13 

Large. One with this organ large, if a parent, will 
love children deeply and tenderly ; be devotedly attached 
to them; minister to their wants in health, and feel the 
keenest solicitude for them in sickness, and with large 
Adhes., *'refuse to be comforted" when they are taken 
«way by death. With large moral organs, will strive to 
educate their moral feelings, and teach them to *^fear God 
and work righteousness." With a strong intellect, and 
weak Acquis, added, will think more of educating chil- 
dren well, than of leaving them wealthy. Reverse this 
combination and the reverse will be true in the manifes- 
tation. 

With Lang, and Event, large, and Self-Esteem moderate, 
will talk much to children, enter into their feelings and 
interests, relate anecdotes, and with large Individ., Local., 
Form and Size added, will describe persons, places, 
countries, dress and manners, and traditionate them into 
the history of external nature ; in a word, will become ex- 
ceedingly popular with children, and be qualified by na- 
ture for a successful teacher. With a weak intellect, and 
large Self-Esteem and Appro., will be proud and vain of 
children, boast of their qualifications, and crowd thern 
forward to their disadvantage; and with strong Acquis., 
and feeble moral organs added, will be more anxious to 
see them rich, powerful, showy and fashionable, than 
*^only great, as they are good,^^ 

Full. One in whom Philo. is only full, will not be 
passionately fond of children, or pets, or feel a lively, 
special interest in children, as such; or have a good fac- 
ulty to gain their attention and friendship, or to please 
them when they are ill natured; will lack patience when 
they are fretful, either in the capacity of a parent, nurse, or 
teacher. If Firm., Self-Esteem, Destruct., and Combat, 
be large, will be stern in government, and cause children 
to fear and respect, more than to love ; but, if Appro, be 
large, with Firm., Self-Esteem, Destruct. and Combat, 
only average, the person will readily become familiar with 
children, and often join in their conversation and child- 
ish sports ; and with large Adhes. added, will love them 
dearly, as they become playful, and old enough to be as* 
2 



14 PHIL0PR0GENITIVENESI5. 

sociates and friends, and at the same time, will not be 
likely to spoil them by indulgence ; but educate, and 
train them consistently with their station in life. 

Average, will love children, pets, &c., well enough 
to provide for their wants ; but will not suffer them to 
rule, or swerve the mind from other objects of attach* 
ment. Will regard their comfort and general welfare, 
without being too indulgent for the good of the child, or 
convenience of the parent, and will seldom play with, or 
take much trouble to please children. With large Be- 
nev., Consci., Adhes., andlnhab., combined with moderate 
Bestruct., Combat., and Self-Esteem, will value home, 
and the domestic circle, highly ; and be warmly attached 
to children, and manifest much tenderness and affection 
for them, and the more so, as they advance in years, 
wdth large Acquis. ^ and a good intellect added, will de- 
sire to see children become learned, wealthy and honora- 
ble ; and feel honored when the child is honored. With 
the above combination and Acquis, moderate, will sur- 
render property, and the management of business to a 
son, and be willing to live with, and lean upon him, in 
old age. With large Acquis, and Self-Esteem, will 
choose to hold possession of the homestead, and the man- 
agement of business till death, and think that a son can- 
not manage well. 

Moderate, has but little patience with children, and 
cannot endure their noise and prattle ; is a poor child- 
nurse, and ought never to become a step-parent, or teach- 
er of young children. Large moral organs will lead to 
the performance of the duties of protection and provi- 
dence, but there will be wanting the thousand little pa- 
rental cares, and that overflowing tenderness described 
under this organ large , which is among the very strong 
est of the social manifestations. 

Small, or Very Small, will show very little love, 
and no fondness, for children, or pets of any kind. With 
large Combat, and Destruct., and only full Benev., will 
be severe, and sometimes abuse, and often, scold them. 



ADHESIVENESS. 15 

3, ADHESIVENESS. 

Attachment to" friends ; instinctive desire to love, 

A striking example is recorded in Ruth, 1 : 16, 17. 

This organ is located upward, and outward from Phi- 
loprogenitiveness, and just above the lambdoidal suture. 

Very Large. One having Adhes. very large, will 
possess ardent and devoted friendship; cling to friends 
even in adversity ; have a very strong desire for their wel- 
fare, and think much of them when absent. Combined 
with large Benev., and full Acquis., will often sacrifice 
personal interest, to benefit relatives, or friends; with 
large Consci., will be sincere, and never forsake a 
friend ; with large, or very large Caution, and Firm., will 
be slow in forming attachments, but when once formed 
they will ''bear the seal of eternity ;" with very large 
Amat., Philo., and Inhab., will be extremely fond of the 
domestic circle, and cannot be contented without daily 
intercourse in that circle, and if obliged to leave it for a 
few days, will be very unhappy. 

Large, will manifest much affection for relations and 
friends, and take great satisfaction in advancing their in- 
terests, and rendering their condition agreeable and hap- 
py; with large Secret., may love strongly and not make 
any professions of attachment; with very large Combat., 
will contend for the rights of friends, and never allow 
them to be insulted, or wronged, without wishing to re- 
dress their grievances ; with large Firm, and Consci., 
will be constant and honest in all professions of friend- 
ship ; but, with Conscien. moderate, and Secret., and 
Acquis, large, will be governed much by circumstances, 
and sometimes prove treacherous to them ; with large 
Self-Esteem, will seek for associates among the higher 
classes, and with large Acquis, added, will court the fa- 
vor of the rich, and look with sovereign contempt on 
the poor. 



16 



ADHESIVENESS. 



Full, will manifest considerable attachment to rela- 
tives and friends; yet lack that warmth of friendship, 
which characterizes one with this organ very large. One 
having Adhes. full,, with large moral organs, will be a 
sincere, but not an ardent friend ; and if unsuccessful in 
the matter oflove^will not be much affected by it. 

Average, has a good share of friendly feeling, and 
manifests considerable ardor of attachment, when the ob- 
ject of love is present ; yet will not grieve at parting with 
friends, or take much trouble to visit them when absent; 
with large Mirth, and Hope, will choose a witty, gay, 
and cheerful companion or friend ; but with those organs 
moderate, and Caution, Ven., Benev., and Consci. large, 
will prefer one who is sedate^ reverential, kind and hon- 
est. 

Moderate, is not capable of forming lasting friend- 
ship ; will be cold and distant to relatives ; with large 
Acquis., will try to gain the friendship of the affluent, 
and perhaps succeed in his endeavors ; but would prove a 
traitor, if that wealth which was the foundation of at- 
tachment, should be lost. 

Small, forms slight attachments ; may appear friendly 
to some, to gratify the love of gain, or the love of distinc- 
tion, if Acquis, and Appro, be large; with weak mor- 
al feelings and strong selfish propensities, will make loud 
protestations of friendship merely for the sake of popu- 
larity, and his secret maxim will be, "out of sight out of 
mind." 

Very Small, is a stranger to the joys of friendship, 
and the pleasures of social life; may make professions of 
attachment from sinister motives, but never feels the 
warm emotions of tender affection. 



INHABITIVENESS. 17 

4. INHABITIVENESS. 

Love of country and home^ attachment to place. 

This organ is located between Concentrativeness and 
Philoprogenitiveness. 

"What makes the home ? is it the shadowed cot, 

The mansion house, the palace, or the spot 

Of mingled beauty, blending in the heart 

Things which create a love, a home of art? 

Oh, no ! This feeling of a home comes forth 

From 'neath the soul's pure throne, as not of earth." 

Very Large, will have a very great regard for home ; 
cannot be contented without one, will leave it for a short 
time even, with much reluctance, and, on returning 
home, after a few months' absence, when the eye first 
catches a glimpse of native hills ; will experience intense 
delight. With Adhes. very large, will be homesick when 
traveling, or stopping with strangers. 

Large, feels strong attachment to native country, 
leaves home with regret and returns with cheerful de- 
light; with full, or large Acquis., may go abroad to ob- 
tain means to make home happy, or to purchase a per- 
manent place of abode, and when traveling, will receive 
much satisfaction from the hope, that the pleasures of a 
home will one day be realized ; with large Ven. and 
Self-Esteem, will be patriotic ; with large Individ, and 
Local., will have a strong desire to travel, but love 
home too well to be a great rover ; with large Combat., 
Destruct., and Self-Esteem, will think much of national 
honor, and be willing to contend in the field of battle to 
secure it. 

Full, desires to have a local habitation, and mani- 
fests considerable attachment to place of residence; with 
very large Adhes., will think more of leaving relatives 
and friends, than any particular locality. 



18 CONCENTRATIVENESS. 

Average, is rather fond of the home of childhood, but 
if urged by large Acquis, and the hope of gain, can leave 
the place of abode and the home of youth without much 
regret, and give all local attachment to another, althouo-h 
the last situation may not be as pleasant as the first. 

Moderate, has no particular regard for any spot on 
earth, feels but little regret in leaving home and is never 
homesick; with Adhes. and Philo. very large, and Local, 
moderate, will have a fixed place of residence, in order 
to gratify the feelings of attachment to relatives and 
friends. 

Small, is very indifferent respecting the place of 
abode, soon becomes weaned from the home of child- 
hood, feels no uneasiness if obliged to change the place 
of residence often, and with Individ, and Local, large, 
and Adhes. only full, will be likely to lead a roving life. 

Very Small, feels at home in any place, forms no 
local attachments; with Acquis, moderate, will care 
nothing about owning a house and piece of land, and 
will be likely to live on hire, and change place of resi- 
dence often. 

5. CONCENTRATIVENESS. 

This is not classed with any other, as it seems to serve 
as a balance-wheel, for all the other faculties. 

This organ is supposed to give ^unity and continuity of 
thought and feeling ; power of entire and concentrated ap- 
plication to one thing.' Its abuses are, protracted and 
unnecessary brooding upon one subject, study or 'pursuit, 
to the exclusion of incidental duties. 

It is located between Inhabitiveness and Self-Esteem. 

Very Large. One having very large Concentrative- 
ness, can chain the mind or the feelings to a particular 
study or purpose, and is not satisfied, till every reason 



CONCENTRATIVENESS. 19 

and fact are thoroughly examined : will stick closely to 
a text or proposition, and move surely, step by step, to 
the conclusion ; often communes with self, and is fre- 
quently absent-minded. With large Cans., is very fond 
of truly abstract subjects. 

Large, is disposed to fix the mind upon but one study 
or work at a time ; in conversation, prefers a leading 
subject to miscellany ; feels disturbed, if not vexed, if 
spoken to while reading or writing; wishes to complete 
an article or chapter before a book or paper is laid 
aside; and likes to attend to one and hut one thing at a 
time, and is confused by a multiplicity of cares; frequent- 
ly becomes attached to difficult, or even disagreeable la- 
bor or study; when buildinor, always wishes to finish en- 
tirely; dislikes to have more *'irons in the fire'' than can 
be well attended to, and prefers a steady business to 
^choring,^ 

Full, is able to fix the mind, or to change it from one 
subject, study or pursuit to another without difficulty or 
delay, yet generally prefers permanence to change, and 
likes to leave nothing unfinished. 

Average, is fond of variety, novelty and change; is 
more intense, than continuous in the application of the 
mind, or the manifestation of the feelings. 

Moderate, thinks and feels intensely, yet lacks unity ; 
will anticipate a speaker, and in a book look forward to 
see how the story is coming out; will crave variety of 
pursuit, and feel that spirit, which characterizes the 
American people — a spirit of change and enterprise. 

Small, or Very Small, dislikes close application; is 
too fond of a change of study or pursuit ; — will leap from 
premise to conclusion, and fail to supply all the connect- 
ing links of argument. 



20 COMBATIVENESS. 

Species II, Selfish Propensities. 

These desires and feelings terminate upon self, and 
have direct reference to the promotion of individual inter- 
est and happiness. When the organs of these propensi- 
ties are large, the head is broad at its base and rounded 
above the ears, and when small, the head is narrow. 

6. COMBATIVENESS. 

Spirit of resistance, courage, opposition. 

The organ is located above, and a little backward of 
the mastoid processes, at the posterior inferior angle of 
the parietal bones, about an inch and a half upward and 
backward of the opening of the ears. When large, it 
gives width to the head a little back of the top of the 
ears, and may be ascertained by placing the thumb on 
one side, and the fingers upon the other, and a continu- 
ation of the width of the head from above the ear back- 
ward is an indication that Combativeness is large. 

Very Large. One having Combat. t;ery large, has very 
strong resisting force, and will exert a commanding in- 
fluence for good or for ill. With an active temperament, 
will readily Jire up to bold resistance in behalf of self, 
friends, or property; and has the ability and disposition 
to defend rights. With large reasoning organs, will be 
very fond of argument, and contend earnestly for political 
or religious opinions. 

Large, is courageous, and bold in resistance ; and 
vv'hen aroused to high excitement by opposition, or by 
some great occasion, will be intrepid, forcible, and com- 
manding, in feeling, language, and action. Combined 
with very large Caution, will not be rash, and will often 
appear timid, and wanting in bravery. Such a person in 
the capacity of a soldier, will fight well under cover, but 
dislike an open field ; when cornered, will be desperate, 
and with small Caution will be reckless. Combined 



COMBATIVENESS. 21 

with a strong intellect, it leads to a love of intellectual 
combat ; ami with large Appro, and Lang., to assume the 
opposite merely for the sake of argument. With the 
intellectual and moral organs only average, and Destruct. 
large ; fighting and quarreling will be the result. 

Full, will manifest a fair amount of energy, force 
and courage, yet other organs being equal, will not be 
quarrelsome, or contentious; can generally take care of 
self, and maintain personal rights, and will not be tram- 
pled, or insulted, and bear it in silence. With an active 
temperament, will be quick tempered, yet will not hold 
resentment, unless Firm., and Instruct, are very large — 
''Peace if we can, war if we must," will be the motto. 

Average, will prefer an even sea, to a storm, and not 
court opposition ; yet when attacked, or oppressed, will 
manifest considerable resistance and general energy of 
character. Will choose to avoid contentious persons, 
law suits, &c., and desire "peace with all men." If 
Destruct. and Firm, be large, combined with an active 
temperament ; will have strong temper when aroused by 
repealed insult, but when the opposition ceases, resist* 
ance will also cease. 

Moderate, may get angry, but will not be dangerous 
or quarrelsome, and will be likely to bear insults and in- 
juries, till forbearance ''ceases to be a virtue," but can 
contend for rights to some extent \^ driven to it, and with 
moderate Caution, will show a tolerable degree of cour- 
age. With large Firm, and Destruct., and a good intel- 
lect, will manifest steady resistance, but will not be rash 
or impassioned, and if forced by circumstances to quar-* 
rel, will contend on the defensive. 

Small. One having Combat, small, will be too ready 
to accept of peace at the expense of personal rights, and 
suffer long before resenting an injury; will lack bravery 
and efficiency, and with large social and moral organs, 
and only average Destruct. will be pre-eminently amiable 



23 DESTRUCTIVENESS. 

and peaceable ; will fail to carry forward any bold enter- 
prise of a political or moral character, where opposition 
is to be met, and overcome. 

Very Small, will be too tame and cowardly, to ac- 
complish any thing requiring force and courage, whatev- 
er may be the size of other organs. 

7. DESTRUCTIVENESS. 

Executiveness, indignation^ efficiency , force, severity. 

The organ is located above, and extending a little 
backward from the external opening of the ear. A large 
development of the organ, gives width through the head 
from ear to ear. All carnivorous animals, from the lion 
to the cat, are very broad through this region of the head, 
while herliivorous tribes of animals, such as the camel, 
deer, sheep, and rabbit, are narrow in the same region. 

Very Large. A person having Destruct. ver^ large^ 
is severe, forcible and indignant when highly excited, 
and with large Firm., and a bilious temperament, will be 
able to witness surgical operations, or a sanguine battle 
field; and with average Caution, and large Combat., 
would not as a soldier, wince even at the cannon's mouth. 
Combined with an active temperament, large Combat., 
Appro, and Seff Esteem, will be quick, and high tem- 
pered, and require to watch much, against the passion of 
anger. With small Combat,, and large Firm, and Cau-^ 
tion, will be '^slow to wrath, but sure when up." 

Large, has great sternness and force of character, 
when excited, and deep toned indignation toward objects of 
displeasure. Has much warmth and vehemence of tem- 
per, and will often utter bitter remarks against enemies, 
and religious, or political error. With large Consci., 
Firm., and Combat., will censure injustice, and vice, 
even in* high places (like Luther, Knox and others.) 
With strong social organs, and moderate Secret., will 



DESTRUCTIVENESS. 23 

love friends ardently, yet be liable to wound their feel- 
ings, and having weight and force of character, will pos- 
sess the elements of government. With large Combat., 
Firm, and Self Esteem, and a good intellect, will be bold, 
energetic, vindictive, dignified, and persevering, against 
every opposition ; drive forward and upward to distinc- 
tion ; carry out great enterprises, and be able to do much 
good in the world, being qualified by nature for a leader 
in society. With the above combination, and a feeble 
moral development, will be cruel and dangerous when 
excited. If the head be large, and all other organs large, 
this should be large also, to complete the character. 
Destruct., when kept under the control of a good intellect 
and strong moral sentiments, is an agent of good, and its 
manifestations useful and virtuous. 

Full, is forcible, yet will not cause unnecessary pain, 
or be very severe when excited; is able to command res- 
pect, and overcome the common difficulties of life 
When it is necessary to cause pain, or to take the life 
of animals, will do it at a blow, causing as little pain as 
possible, and dislikes to see animals tortured. 

Average, does not willingly give pain to the feelings 
of others, or to animals, will require great excitement to 
become severe in word or deed, and then, it will be only 
momentary — will rarely feel disposed to revenge ; and 
lack the power to be sufficiently severe, to command re- 
spect from others. With only average Combat.^ Firm, 
and Self-Esteem, will be too easy with animals and men, 
to govern the one, or claim and maintain personal rights 
with the other, and be likely to be imposed upon by the 
selfish and overbearing. With large Caution, Secret., 
Consci., Benev. and Adhes. added, will seldom show 
anger, and be inoffensive, amiable and peaceable, and 
too kind and unassuming to command respect, or exert 
much influence in common society. 

Moderate, will give back when closely pressed by 
adversity or opposition, and lack efficiency to grapple 
with 'Hhe ills that flesh is heir to;" cannot carry out a 



24 ALIMENTIVENESS. 

well formed purpose, if the necessity to cause pain lies 
in the way ; as a debater cannot exercise severity, even 
against error; as a clergyman will rarely preach the ter- 
rors of the law; as a soldier would sicken at the sight of 
blood, and would never make a good butcher ; as a juror 
would lean toward mercy and commutation of punish- 
ment. 

SiMALL, is too sensitive in view of pain, and has a de- 
sire to relieve it, but i? too deficient in this faculty to car- 
ry out such good wishes; seldom, if ever, feels resent- 
ment or indignation; is too easily controlled by others, 
and so mild in reproof, that the word lacks force and 
edge; seldom threatens others, and is not able to rise 
above the opposition of mankind. 

Very Small, is the reverse of efficient and executive, 
in any thing; with large Combat., may threaten but wiH 
never execute. If mankind waited for such persons tc^ 
butcher for them, they would cease to use animal food. 

8. ALIMENTI VENESS. 
Desire for food and aliment in generaL 

Located, just forward of the top of the ear. 

Very Large. One in whom this organ is very large, 
will think much of the delicacies of the culinary depart- 
ment, and often count upon a rich dinner^ — will be care- 
ful to provide bountifully for the table, and never die in 
debt to the stomach. Will need to guard well against 
habits of intemperance, in all its forms. 

Large, will prize a good cook, or be capable of becom- 
ing one ; will know how to season a dish, so as to com- 
mend it to the appetite ; will use many condiments ; and 
with large Philo., coax children by offering cakes, can- 
dies, &LQ,. ; seldom forgets the dinner hour, or is absent 
from duty on that occasion. 



ACQUISITIVENESS . 25 

Full, will relish food and drink, very well ; but have 
less anxiety on the subject than one wiihthe organ large ; 
will take prudent care in respect to **what we shall eat, 
and what we shall drink." 

Average, can get along with, or without luxuries; 
will regard quality more than quantity; is not dainty, or 
very particular respecting food and drink. 

Moderate, is indifferent as to variety, or luxuries; 
eats to live, rather than lives to eat. 

Small or Very SiVtall, prefers plainness and simplic- 
ity, in drink and diet ; and will not be likely to become 
intemperate, or make a popular cook. 

9. ACaUISITIVENESS. 

Desire to possess, the idea of ownership^ a propensity to 
acquire^ to have, to keep. 

Located between Constructiveness and Secretiveness, 
and above Alimentiveness; about an inch and a half up- 
ward, and forward, of the top of the ear, — on the naked 
skull it is found at the anterior, inferior angle, of the 
parietal bone. When large it gives great width to the 
head, in that region. 

Very Large. One in whom this organ is very large^ 
sets a high value upon any thing which can be called 
property: is eager to acquire, to lay up, to have and to 
save; has a strong thirst for riches; likes to call things 
inine; is reluctant to part with rhoney, or property ; is of- 
ten close and penurious ; cannot endure profligacy, or 
waste ; does business for its profit, and is arduous and per* 
severing to make money. With very large moral organs, 
and Appro, and Self-Esteem full; will be honest, as well 
as eager in the acquisition of property; but if the moral 
organs be only avcracre, combined with large Destrnct., 
Combat, and Self-Esteem, the person will be hard faced 
in deal; always want the best of a bargain, and get it if 
«5 



26 ACQUISITIVENESS. 

possible ; pay a small price for much service ; drive a team 
beyond its strength ; make ungenerous exactions of la- 
borers • rise early andttoil late, and make others do the 
same, and with large Caution and Secret, added, will be 
on the alert for thieves, hence use many precautions 
and locks ; will often be suspicious that others wish to 
cheat in trade, and will watch them closely ; and with 
only small Consci., Self-Esteem and Appro., will lie and 
cheat outright, and be strongly tempted to steal. 

Large, manifests much anxiety to acquire, to have and 
possess; feels a loss keenly and in business deals closely. 
If the temperament be active, and ihe propelling pow- 
ers strong, the person will be industrious and active in 
business, and keep a close eye upon the ways and means 
to acquire. With large Consci., will be honest, yet eager 
for gain ; with very large Benev., large Hope, and moder- 
ate Caution added, will be liberal in distribution-to friends 
if Adhes. be large — to children, if Philo. be large, and 
with a good intellect, and large Appro., to great public 
enterprises, to the endowment of schools, and the like ; 
and with large Ven., to objects of a christian character. 
All those who have large Acquis., do not regard money y 
and make it an idol. The hind of property which one 
desires, is determined by the other faculties. Neither do 
all keep money or property, who have the organ large ; 
distribution being governed by the other feelings. Hence, 
the scholar, (or one in whom the intellect rules,) acquires 
books; — one with large Ven. and Marvel., collects the 
antiquarian cabinet — with large Color, Ideality, Form 
and Orderj seeks to acquire paintings, flowers, statuary, 
&c. ; with Appro, large, desires dress, ornamental furni- 
ture and showy equipage. Large Philo., will task Ac- 
quis, for the benefit of children; large Aliment., to pro- 
cure the indulgence of the table, or the cup; large Amat. 
to gratify that desire. With very large Appro, and Self- 
Esteem, will sacrifice money for office, station, great 
name and dignity. If Caution be large, the person will 
be prudent and saving ; Hope moderate added, will fear 
coming to want, and cling still closer to what is acquired ; 
will rarely run in debt, or fail in business ; will never let 



ACQUISITIVENESS. 27 

go a sure and steady profit, for uncertain speculations, 
and will often, through fear of loss, let good opportunities 
for making money, pass unimproved. If Caution be on- 
ly average, and Hope and Appro, large, will wish to do a 
large, and splendid business, to make money on a large 
scale, and hence will run headlong into rash speculations, 
and be too careless of the small change^ the ^'little leak 
that sinks the great ship." 

Full. Acquisitiveness full, imparts to its possessor 
frugality, economy, and a proper love of possession. But 
if Consci. be deficient, will often discover the "tricks of 
trade," over-reach in bargains, disregard the Golden, and 
go by the Silver rule, i. c. get money honestly if conve- 
nient, linot, get it. If Benev. be moderate or small, will 
never be liberal to objects of charity, unless it be for the 
purpose of making a show. If the animal propensities be 
strong, will acquire money, and spend it for their gratifi* 
cation. If the moral organs be well developed, combined 
with a good intellect, and large Appro, and Self-Esteem, 
will despise dishonorable means in acquiring property, 
will be prudent and saving in business transactions, yet 
manifest a generous liberalitv. With larae Ideal, and 
Construct., will display a regard both to taste and dura- 
bility, in buildings, furniture, and in the purchase of 
property. 

Average, looks upon money rather as a means than 
as an end; is satisfied with the comforts and conveniences 
of life ; and has but little ambition to be rich ; but if Ap- 
pro, and Self-Esteem be large, will crave wealth for the 
standing, consequence and display it will afford, and spend 
money freely upon any thing which will feed those feel- 
ings. With Hope large, and Caution moderate, will buy 
what is wanted to-day, regardless of to-morrow; make 
large promises, and be likely to get into difficulty in bu- 
siness; lets little sums slip through the fingers; can make 
money better than keep it ; and with the social organs 
and Benev. large, will be free and generous to friends. 
With Benev. small, and the social feelings weak, will be 



28 SECRETIVENESS. 

selfish, and ungenerous, and although not eager to 
acquire, yet will be cold and close-fisted. 

Moderate, loves money only for the comforts which 
it buys ; is not very eager to acquire, and is rather free 
and liberal in expenditures ; does not make wealth a test 
of respectability ; governs expenses by present pos.^essions, 
rather than by a love of cash ; finds it difficult to keep; 
is rather too free; buys what the other fnculties demand, 
without much regard to price, and is hardly saving enough 
to get along well in the> world. With only average rea- 
soning organs, will get cheated in trade. 

Small, will not be likely to accumulate a fortune, or 
save one which may have been transmitted, and is too 
indifferent to property, to lay up the necessaries of life; 
with moderate Combat, and Caution, will not undergo 
the toil, necessary to accumulate, but live as it were from 
hand to mouth, and if Hope be large, will let to-morrow 
take care of itself 

Very Small, is reckless in respect to property and 
business matters; pays no regard to price; feels in the 
pocket for money rather than to labor for it, and when it 
is empty, runs in debt; is always in debt, and generally 
out of cash. 

10. SECRETIVENESS. 

Disposition to conceal and suppress thoughts, power of 
mental reservation. 

This organ is situated next above Destructiveness, and 
back of Acquisitiveness. 

Very Large. One having Secretiveness very large, 
will be cunning, crafty and sly ; keep all plans and busi- 
ness operations, from the view of others ; make private 
bargains, and conceal all matters relating to self, from 
the scrutiny of the world; with the moral organs large, 



SECRETIVENESS. 29 

will not deceive others to their injury, or vary from the 
direct line of truth; but with those organs moderate, and 
Acquis, large, will be well versed in ail the 'tricks of 
trade/ and take great pleasure in deceiving. 

Large, has the ability to conceal plans; does not 
speak what enters the mind, without first letting the in- 
tellect judge of its propriety, or impropriety ; is non- 
committal, and employs much art, in accomplishing plana 
which need concealment ; with moderate Consci., will 
tell a falsehood when the truth would answer the purpose 
just as well: with large Acquis, added, will take imdcr- 
handed means to acquire property; with large Appro. 
and Self-Esteem added, will think much of the good 
opinion of mankind ; seek popularity; esteem self highly; 
be much offended when called dishonest, and after having 
accumulated a fortune by lying, trickery, and false pre- 
tences, will suffer no remorse. 

Full, will be careful in the expression of thoughts 
and plans ; can conceal motives; may use art for the pur- 
pose of effecting something useful and necessary, but not 
with the intention of injuring any one; with large Cau- 
tion will often wear a cheerful countenance w^hen the 
mind is troubled, and with a large development of the 
moral organs, will not be deceitful or trickish. 

Average, will not manifest much cunning or tact, on 
ordinary occasions ; but if transacting business w hich 
requires secrecy, will show considerable adroitness ; is 
generally frank in the expression of feelings and plans, 
and with very large Caution , will be more guarded in 
action, than in the expression of thoughts. 

Moderate, is candid, and always ready to give ad- 
vice ; finds difficulty in concealing feelings and plans; 
with large Hope, Combat., and Lang., and average Cau- 
tion, will always be telling of schemes, and have a blunt 
mode of expression. 

3* 



30 SELFISH SENTIMENTS. 

Small, is not inclined to practice cunning or art, to 
accomplish ends; speaks in a blunt manner and by so 
doinsf, often gives offence; with large Combat., Destruct. 
and Self-Esteem, will be harsh and rough, in language 
and manner, towards an opponent in debate, and in gen- 
eral deportment. 

Very Small, has no power to conceal feelings ; will 
tell of plans and business operations, when they ought to 
he kept secret; is not discreet in the expression of 
thoughts, and lacks that prudence of language necessary 
to general success in the common affairs of life. 



€r€Blil§l II* Human, Moral and religious 

SENTIMENTS. 

These are of a higher, more ennobling and refined 
character than the propensities, and draw a line, which 
the lower animals can never pass. In proportion as 
these faculties predominate over the propensities, the 
soul soars in the empire of morality, virtue and refine- 
ment ; but if these be deficient and the propensities strong, 
there will be more of the mere animal, than human qual- 
ities. The organs of these sentiments are --situated at 
the superior portion of the head, and when they are large 
it is high and broad ; when small, the upper portion of 
the head is low and narrow. 

Species i. Selfish Sentiments. 

These faculties are superior to the selfish propensities, 
although they make man selfish, and seek to promote his 
individual advancement. When the religious and rea- 
soning faculties are equally large with these, they combine 
to elevate and perfect the character. They are located 
together at the back part of the upper portion of the 
head and when large give height and fulness to that 
reofion. 



CAUTIOUSNESS. 31 

11. CAUTIOUSNESS, 

Sentiment of fear, circumspection, apprehension of danger. 

This organ is located next above Secretiveness, and 
backward IVom Sublimity, near the middle of each parie- 
tal bone. 

9. Timid Ladv. 10 Reckless Boy. 11. Mr. *^*^**. 





I 






1 






pi^wHI^^^^^^^^R 


Kl 




nB^^^^^B^^feS^^I^^ 


fj 




^^HH^^^ta^^Bl 




M 




BBBBMiBBBilHBBM 






B^HWB[[||pBJB[i^^ 




J^jBro^HB 







11 Caution, very Irage. 11 Caution, very small. 

Very Large, will be doubtful, and apprehensive of 
danger, even where none exists ; deliberate long before 
coming to a decision on any subject, and fail to enjoy 
the present moment for fear of future ill ; with small Hope, 
and a nervous temperament, will be subject to melan- 
choly ; with moderate Combat, and Destruct. added, will 
not attempt great things, nor set a high mark at which to 

Note. Cut No. 9, the Tiniid ladij^ shows great height and 
width at tl)e region of Caution, organ No. 11, with Firm, and 
Consci. No's 14 and 15, also large. We find many females, 
especially children, with this development. Cut No. 10, repre- 
sents the head of a boy only seven years of ngo, whose head we 
examined at Washington city in ld41. He had frequently pass- 
ed out of the dormant windows of a three story house and chased 
the doves to the very verge of the roof, without the slightest 
signs of fear : to employ the language of his father,''he was 
always engaged in some dangerous enterprise ; he never seemed 
to have the sentiment of fear, or to comprehend even the mean- 
inv of the term." Cut No. ]l,is remarkable for very large 
Consci., No. 15, and very small Firm., No. 14. It represents the 
head of a schoolmaster of Conn., who was noted for the most 
scrupulous honesty, and the utmost indecision. 



33 CAUTIOUSNESS. 

aim ; but with large Firm., Combat., Destruct. and Hope, 
and large reasoning organs, will succeed well, and be 
distinguished for circumspection, prudence, foresight, 
and correct judgment. 

Large, will always be on the lookout for danger, and 
be very careful in action, and hesitate long before giving 
an opinion; with Firm, large, will be stable in opinions, 
when Caution is satiijfied that all is right, with large 
Combat, and Destruct. added, will manifest prudence of 
character, united with courage, perseverance, and stabil- 
ity ; but with moderate Combat, and Destruct., will be 
irresolute and timid. With Appro, and Ven. very large, 
and Combat, moderate, even if the intellectual organs are 
large, and the mind well cultivated, will be exceedingly 
bashful, take a middle walk in life, and lack that force 
and energy necessary to overcome those difficulties and 
obstacles which always obstruct the path of man. 

Full, has a good share of caution, and prudence, and 
as a general thing, looks out for, and guards against dan- 
ger, and makes provision for the future; with very large 
Combat, and Destruct., will sometimes appear rash, and 
careless, and with large Hope and Acquis, added, be like- 
ly to speculate, and run risks in business; with Acquis., 
Hope, and Combat, moderate, will seek some employ- 
ment, which will yield a sure, and steady profit, and will 
not venture much in speculation. 

Average, has some care for the future but does not, 
at all limes manifest sufficient caution to guard against 
accidents ; with large organs of the propensities, and 
large Hope, will readily embark on new schemes, and 
enterprises, and pursue them with zeal and efficiency. 

Moderate, has not much prudence of character; lacks 
that degree of Caution necessary to guard successfully 
against danger; is apt to be hasty and impetuous, and 
with a good intellect, will take means to escape impend- 
ing ills, by the strength of reason, but will not be fear- 
ful or timid. 



APPROBATIVENESS. 33 

Small, is heedless ; pays Jittle regard to the future ; 
runs into danger when there is no need of it ; meets with 
many accidents, and *'hair breadth escapes;" with large 
Hope, will be habitually cheerful ; with moderate Con- 
sci. and large Acquis., will always be engaging in rash, 
and injudicious speculations, and be very likely to fail in 
business. 

Very Small, is exceedingly rash, and impetuous, 
destitute of fear, and takes but little care for the future. 

12. APPROBATIVENESS. 

Sense of character, love of praise, desire of approval. 

Located on each side of Self-Esteem, and back of 
Conscientiousness. 

Very Large. One having Appro, very large, values 
character highly ; is keenly sensitive to the slightest 
breath of slander; often feels ashamed when it is unne- 
cessary; cannot bear reproach or ridicule ; is mortified 
at small mistakes, or accidents in company; often asks 
what people will think or say of this, or thnt act; and 
will sacrifice personal ease, to please others. When com- 
bined with large Caution and Ven., and only average 
Self-Esteem and Combat., will be very diffident and 
bashful in society, especially among strangers ; and will 
fear to act lest some reproach shall follow; be tormented 
with the fear of giving offence, of losing reputation, or of 
being laughed at by others, and cannot be independent. 
Men, having this organ very large, with Combat, and 
Self-Esteem also very large, will seek office with avidity, 
and claim it as a matter of right, and be proud, vain and 
overbearing in office. With Self-Esteem, Combat., Con- 
sci. and Firm, only average, Mill be controlled by the 
popular will, right or wrong, and follow the fashion, re-* 
gardlefes of any consequence, except personal popularity. 

Large. One in whom this organ is large ^ thinks very 
highly of character and honor; is fond of admiration and 
approval ; cannot bear censure without pain ; is fond of 



34 APPROBATIVENESS. 

making a good appearance^ and a favorable impression ; 
is ambitious to be noticed and appreciated ; cannot en- 
dure to be slighted, or neglected, and with large De- 
struct, and Combat., will contend sharply for reputation, 
and feel much bitterness towards the slanderer. With 
large reasoning organs, will be ambitious to excel in in- 
tellectual pursuits, and to rise to eminence among man- 
kind, and with large Secret, added, will never acknowl- 
edge faults, and when they are proved, will plead extenu- 
ating circumstances. With large Acquis., will have a 
strong desire for wealth, not only for its own sake, but 
also for the distinction it affords: will boast of property, 
and place it in a conspicuous light to make a show in 
the world, and perhaps boast of rich acquaintances and 
relatives. If the social organs be large, with large Lang., 
Ideal., and moderate Self-Esteem ; will be extremely po- 
lite and affable, and with large Secret, added, will have a 
winning popular deportment, and the faculty to say and do 
things, so as to please. With Consci. moderate and 
Secret, very large, will often be guilty of gross immoral- 
ities, yet keep a fair exterior, and perhaps for years, sus- 
tain a good reputation, and with large Yen. added, will 
make pretensions to religion, and for the sake of popu- 
larity act the outward devotee to perfection, until truth, 
reveals the arrant hypocrite, and displays the Pharisee in 
all his deformity. Such a combination '*makes clean 
the out side of the cup and platter, while within, they 
are full of extortion and excess." But when Appro, is 
large, combined with large reasoning and moral organs, 
the person will highly regard character and the good 
opinion of men, and be consistent and honest in all 
things, and controlled by public opinion and fashion, so 
far as it is laudable, and no further. 

Full, is ambitious to please, and to excel in labor, 
study, Sec, yet will not do or suffer much, to gain distinc- 
tion ; with a good intellect, will prize temperate and judi- 
cious praise without being vain ; will not be morbidly 
sensitive to censure, and if Self-Esteem, Firm, and Com- 
bat, be large, will take a straight forward, independent 
course, and with large Consci. added, will do right, and 
please self first, and be glad in so doing, to meet the ap- 



APPROBATIVENESS. 35 

proval of others. With a weak intellect, and bad train- 
ing, will be a *'vain boaster;" set a high value upon 
dress, show, ornament, praise and popularity. 

Average, is temperately fond of praise; and if well 
educated, will seek for that approval v/hich arises from 
good motives and correct conduct. Is not indifferent to 
character, nor very sensitive in respect to the opinions 
of others. If Self-Esteem and Combat, be large, and 
Adhes., Benev. and Secret, moderate, will be too inde- 
pendent and plain to secure general popularity; will say 
harsh things to friends, and wound the feelings of the 
sensitive, and although possessed of fine talents, will be 
respected more for ability, than ease of manner and 
suavity of disposition, and have many enemies; and if 
Acquis, be large, will think more of money than of 
friends or fame, and be close in deal, and very unpopular. 

Moderate, seeks first to please self, and if the course 
w^hich seems to be right meets the sanction of others, 
well — if not, will not lie awake nights on that account; 
is not troubled by fashion, or the public will, and vriih 
large Self-Esteem, will study personal convenience, and 
pay little regard to that of others, will take office or dis- 
tinction with coolness, and feel insulted when flattered. 
With large Consci. and small Secret., will often accuse 
self, and acknowledge faults. 

Small, thinks too little of character; will say and do 
that which is indiscreet, and censurable. If the moral 
organs and Combat, be large, will seldom, if ever, con- 
sult expediency, but take a bold, fearless course, and do 
what appears to be right if a whole world chides, and 
every fashion is arrayed against it. With Ideal, and 
Order small, will be careless in dress, manners, and gen- 
eral deportment. 

Very Small, is reckless of public opinion, and with 
strong propensities, serves self on all occasions, and is 
extremely unpopular, and needs very large moral organs, 
to keep within the periphery of the civil law* 



36 SELF-ESTEEM. 

13. SELF-ESTEEM. 

Self -complacency ^ dignity, personal independence. 

This organ is located on the middle line of the head, 
adjoining, and backward of Firmness, at that point where 
the head usually begins to slope backward. (See loca- 
tion of Firmness.) 

Very Large. One having Self-Esteem very large ^ 
has much pride of character, and a high sense of personal 
honor, and individual liberty ; w^illingly assumes responsi- 
bility ; is independent in opinion; thinks highly of his 
own judgment ; is fond of dictating others ; loill he his 
own master and likes to be master of others. With very 
large Firm., Destruct. and Combat., and a strong intel- 
lect; will be morose, overbearing and self-willed, haughty 
and tyrannical; easily aroused to an arrogant, indignant 
tone of speech, and action ; will drive to "the high- 
est seat in the synagogue" in spite of circumstances, and 
in defiance of opposition, and become decidedly unpop- 
ular. 

Large, has much personal independence ; values self 
highly; depends upon personal resources; likes to take 
the lead ; never wishes to be second ; dislikes to be dic- 
tated ; is disposed to lead off, and beat out a new, and 
independent track for operations ; avoids any thing low, 
mean, or degrading; says, and does, few trifling things; 
maintains identity ; keeps aloof from those who are vul- 
gar, thinks much of personal honor, will not be brow- 
beaten ; aspires to say, and do, something worthy of j^elf; 
takes a commanding, and dignified position in society ; 
detests dependence upon others, or service ; cannot be 
enslaved; ^venhows with dignity, and assumes a tone, 
and manner, calculated to command respect. With a 
good intellect, strong moral powers and an active temper- 
ament ; will be worthy of confidence, and general esteem, 
and with large Combat., Destruct., Firm., Ideal and 
Adhes. added, will be a natural leader in society, and will 
be looked up to ; and while respected for a high sense of 



SELF-ESTEEM. 37 

lionor, weight, dignity and efficiency of character, will 
be loved, and admired for talent, good taste, friendship, 
and high moral worth. But if the intellectual and moral 
organs be weak, combined with strong propensities, the 
person will manifest a saucy, proud, overbearing, dictato- 
rial demeanor, which will merit extreme unpopularity, if 
not the hatred, and contempt of all mankind. If Acquis. 
be very large, with large Appro., and only average rea- 
soning organs, the person will think A?^ property is better 
than that of others, and be always boasting of what is his ; 
and what he can do, or has done, and with large Lang., 
moderate Ideal, and Secret, added, will not only be a 
great boaster and egotist, but his company and conver- 
sation will be extremely offensive, and his conduct ridic- 
ulous. 

Full, sets a fair value upon self; desires to move in 
an elevated sphere in society, feels a good degree of inde- 
pendence in word and action, without great haughtiness. 
If Combat., Firm, and Destruct. be large, and Caution 
only average ; will be, when aroused, mandatory, digni- 
fied, and self-possessed, and have much weight of charac- 
ter; but with the above combination reversed, will shrink 
from a test of rights and personal dignity, and be easily 
tamed by one with large Firm., Self-Esteetn and Combat. 
When Self-Esteem is full, combined with large Ven., 
Benev., Consci. and Ideal., and /w// social organs, with 
fair propelling powers; the person will take an elevated 
rank am<mg men, yet will not be conceited, or arbitrary ; 
will mingle dignity with condescension, self respect 
with politeness, and while claiming personal rights, will 
guarantee the same to others. 

Average. Those having this organ only averngc, are 
frequently in doubt which way to act ; often ask advice, 
and are generally governed by it; may think very well of 
self whe.i alone; but when brought into competition with 
others, feel unworthy and small, and except Combat., 
Destruct. and Firm., be full, or large, and highly excited, 
will not come out in bold relief, (especially in public,) 
in defence of principles, or personal rights ; but with large 
4 



38 SELF-ESTEEM 

Adhes. and Consci., will boldly defend the rights of 
friends, and speak for others, better than for self. Pub- 
lic speakers with this combination, feel embarrassed 
when they rise to address an audience, but when called 
out, and aroused, will sustain themselves, and go beyond 
their own expectations, and that of their friends ; will al- 
ways wish for a direct invitation to speak ; will fear to 
trespass upon the attention of others, and think others can 
speak better than themselves, and more to edification. 
All persons having this combination, with large Caution^ 
and only average Combat., will be bashful, and timid 
among strangers, and even among associates will be re- 
tiring, and fail to take the station in society to which 
good talents, may entitle them* 

Moderate, sets too low an estimate upon self; is not 
proud, or self-confident; values self, temperately, without 
undervaluing others ; has some dignity, yet is not officious, 
and has not enough Self-Esteem to give ease and weight 
of character among superior persons. Combined with 
large Appro., will be free to associate with all classes, 
and become familiar, and approach inferior persons with- 
.out dignity ; will not strive to assume a commanding sta- 
tion, or a dictatorial manner ; and with a good intellect^ 
and large Imitat., Lang, and Ideal., and large social or- 
gans, will become very popular with the middling classes^ 
and be likely to rise to distinction upon the popular tide. 

Small, has too little self estimation to assume a proper 
station ; cannot keep aloof from inferiors, or command 
their respect, or that of society in general ; is too free, and 
familiar ; says too many trifling things ; lacks dignity, and 
cannot control others, except by persuasion. With large 
Caution, will be extremely bashful and timid, and with 
large Appro, added, will be ashamed, and deeply embar- 
rassed by trifles. 

Very Small, has too low an opinion of self; dislikes, 
and shuns responsibility ; gives an important opinion with 
hesitation ; depends too much upon the advice of others ; 
is likely to be controlled, and surrender rights ; is not re- 



FIRMNESS. 39 

garded with reverence by society, and cannot force man- 
kind to follow or respect him. Combined with large 
Appro, and small Firm., will have no self independence, 
and cannot hold an edge, or carry out any thing, where 
the popular voice rises against it. With large Firm, 
and Concent., may silently hold on upon opinions, but will 
lack independence to assert and maintain them, 

14. FIRMNESS. 

Perseverance^ stability^ tenacity of purpose, S^c, 

This organ is situated on the top of the back part of 
the head, and is usually the highest portion in the heads 
of males. Draw a vertical line from the external open- 
ings of the ears, and it will cross the anterior portion of 
Firmness. 

Very Large, has extreme tenacity of purpose, and 
opinion, is set and fixed, and reluctantly abandons 
schemes and plans when once committed upon them ; 
perseveres to the last in every undertaking, and with 
average Consci., will not acknowledge an error, but pur* 
sue the wrong, to gratify the will; with large Combat, 
and Destruct., and moderate Ven., will be obstinate and 
stubborn, but with a large development of the organs of 
the moral sentiments and intellect added, will have that 
kind of firmness necessary to true greatness. 

Large, has a great share of perseverance of character, 
and firmness of purpose and opinion ; is not easily diverted 
from undertakings ; with large Self-Esteem, will be inde* 
pendent in every thing ; with large Secret., will not man- 
ifest to acquaintances and friends a wilful disposition ; 
with large Consci., Concent, and Self-Esteem, will be 
stable minded, and always pursue a straight forward 
course; with Combat., Destruct. and Hope large, will be 
very energetic, and never relinquish a pursuit, after hav- 
ing fairly enlisted in it ; but with the above organs mod- 
erate, will lack force and energy, while firmness of opin-? 
ion may still remain ; with large or very large Caution, 



40 FIRMNESS. 

will look upon all sides of a question, and deliberate lox\g^ 
before coming to a decision, yet after having decided^ 
will be firm, and fixed ; with moderate Concent, may 
appear fickle minded, and perhaps often change one kind 
of business for another, and at the same time manifest 
much power of wiJi and purpose; with large or very 
large, Benev., Consci. and Ven., will persevere in benev-* 
olent enterprises with great ardor and honesty. 

Full, has considerable fi^rmness of opinion, and fixed-* 
ness of purpose, yet under great difficulties, will show 
some want of stability and determination; with large 
Combat, and Destruct., may be stubborn and obstinate 
when excited; with small Concent., will be liable to 
change of mind and lack constancy and stability in the 
common pursuits of life. 

Average, will generally manifest a good share of sta- 
bility and firmness, yet readily yreld premises or opinions, 
•and often ask the advice of others; may manifest will 
and temper, if Destruct. and Combat, be large, and when 
excited, contend for a short time with great spirit and 
earnestness; with moderate Concent, added, will have a 
temper like a whirlwind— one blast and it will be all over. 

Moderate, is not tenacious of opinions, but readily 
yields them, and pursues a course of life which has been 
marked out by others ; is too easily ^'knocked off the 
track," and may sometimes yield to temptation, knowing 
it to be wrong ; lacks that firmness necessary to withstand 
the enticements of the profligate and vicious ; with an 
average development of the reasoning organs, and small 
Concent., will be fickle and '^unstable as water." 

Small, is subject to change of mind and purpose; 
lacks constancy, and determination, and like chaff before 
the wind, is carried forward by the breath of popular 
opinion; with large Combat, and Destruct., may possess 
force and energy, but lack stability and perseverance. 

Very Small, is totally deficient in firmness and sta-. 



CONSCIENTIOUSNESS. 41 

bility; manifests no decision or perseverance, and is ea- 
sily led astray by the artful and designing. 

Species II. Moral and Religious Sentiments, 

Man is not only endowed with all the propensities which 
are possessed by the lower animals, but he has a moral 
and religious nature, which they do not possess. He has 
an idea of a God, and moral obligation, and expects im- 
mortality. Some few persons may deny this, but moral- 
ity and religion are inseparable from the human constitu- 
tion. These faculties are the foundation of all moral, 
benevolent and religious societies, and point to the fulfil- 
ment of the dictates of duty between man and man, and 
form the connecting link between him and his God. 

The organs of these sentiments are situated at the 
upper portion of the head and when large the head is 
very high from the eyes and ears upward, but when small 
it is low. 

15. CONSCIENTIOUSNESS. 

Honesty y sense of justice and moral obligation. 

This organ is situated on each side of Firmness, and 
between Hope and Approbativeness, 

Very Large, is strictly honest and upright ; suffers 
much through fear of doing wrong ; censures those se- 
verely who are dishonest ; has an excessive regard for 
duty; will not countenance injustice or oppression in the 
least degree; readily discriminates between right and 
wrong, and is punctual to fulfil engagements; with large 
Acquis., will be very eager to accumulate wealth, yet 
honest in its acquisition ; with large Firm, and Combat., 
will possess great moral courage and never shrink from 
duty; with a weak intellect, and moderate Firm., will be 
liable to be led astray by others, but when convinced of 
the error will suffer strong compunctions of conscience, 

4* 



43 CONSCIENTIOUSNESS. 

Large, will be exact to do justly ; is a great lover of 
truth and equity, and always intends to be upright and 
honorable, when dealing with others; will not knowingly 
cheat, or defraud any one, and believes that '* honesty is 
the best policy" at all times ; intends to be punctual, but 
with very large Hope, and average Caution, may some- 
times promise more than he can perform ; but with large 
Lang., Secret, and Marvel, added, will be liable to exag- 
gerate when telling anecdotes; still, when reminded of 
the fact, will show much penitence and sorrow and at- 
tempt to reform, yet after many reproofs, will be obliged 
to guard against the sin of exaggeration, and keep a 
watchful sentinel at the point which is weak and easily 
overcome. This combination shows why some persons, 
who are considered perfectly honest in their dealings with 
their fellow men^ are guilty of exaggeration, when rela- 
tinor anecdotes. 

o 

Full, has a good share of honesty of purpose and ia- 
legrity ; intends to be just in dealing with others, yet may 
yield to temptation, and knowingly do wrong, but if such 
should be the case, will suffer remorse lor the actj 
with the organs of the propensities full^ will be likely to 
maintain a reputation for honesty and integrity, and gain 
the confidence and respect of the public. It should be 
remembered, however, that with the above combination, 
and a full development of the reasoning organs, the con- 
duet of the person will depend much upon education, 
training and associates, and will be equally inclined tow* 
ards virtue and vice. 

Average, has some right motives, but does not feel 
much remorse of conscience, and believes that '"'every 
man has his price;" with large Secret., will equivocate 
and deceive : with very large Acquis, added, will over- 
reach in deal, and be dishonest in the acquisition of 
wealth; with very large Self-Esteem and Appro., will 
strive to gain the character of an honest individual, for 
the purpose of being popular, but will not be sensible of 



HOPE, 43 

the injustice of evil deeds, nor care any thing about them, 
if the community are ignorant of the facts, and bis char- 
acter is not affected thereby. 

Moderate, is seldom conscious of having performed 
an unjust act; suffers little remorse for evil deeds: thinks 
that there is no real honesty among mankind ; intends to 
be as honest as the times will admit, and has a very obtuse 
moral eye ; with large Ven., will show much devotional 
feeling and worship from pure motives, and at tlie same 
time be called hypocritical by the world, and by some acts 
of dishonesty offend those who have this organ very large. 

Small, discards the ^'Golden Rule,'' and pays little 
regard to duty or moral principle, and never feels remorse 
for crimes; with large or full Acquis., will be prone to 
commit theft; with large Secret, and Hope added, will 
lie, cheat and steal, and make promises, knowing that he 
cannot lulfill thern. 

Very Small, has no regard for the principles of hon- 
esty and tnorality ; is unjust in dealing with others, and 
with large Destruct. and Acquis., will be likely to mur- 
der for gain. 

16. HOPE. 

The misernhle have no other medicine^ 

But onhj hope. Shakspeark. 

Located, forward of Conscientiousness, and outward 
of the front part of Firmness, on each side of the top 
of the head. 

Very Large. One having Hope vcri/ large, feels a 
buoyancy of prospect, which imparts at least an imag- 
inary comfort ; thinks all will yet be well, even when 
trouble and adversity howl around ; lives in the future; is 
always expecting something better than present enjoy- 
ments, and longing for its arrival, and frequently promis- 
es self, and others, too much. If Caution and Causality 



44 HOPE. 

are large, they will check hope, and induce the person to 
lay a firm basis for expectations, who will be cheerful, 
yet proceed with care; but if those organs be only full, 
or average ; will build castles in the air, *'have too many 
irons in the fire," promise much more than perform, and 
perhaps get the name of dishonesty ; fall far short of de- 
signs, and meet with disappointments, and reverses, yet 
the ardor of pursuit will be increased rather than dimin- 
ished ; with large Mirth, added, will be lively, gay and 
merry; and with large Self-Esteem, will plan largely, be 
enterprising, and feel confident of success ; wiUi large 
Acquis, and full Marvel, added, will run risks in business, 
speculate in lithographic city lots, &c., for the sake of 
large profits; add large Adhes., will promise friends, en- 
dorse for them&c, With Acquis, moderate, will let the 
future take care of itself without present effort, and feel^ 
that "sufficient unto the day is the evil thereof/' 

Large, is buoyant and cheerful ; tramples present 
troubles ; has bright views of the future; magnifies pros- 
pects; diminishes difiiculiies; dismisses *dull care' and 
^smiles through a tear.' With a good intellect and large 
Caution, will be prudent in business, and other undertak- 
ings; attempt what appears probable; and with large 
Combat, and Firm., will overcome impediments, and 
master great enterprises. With the above combinations, 
and Caution only average, with large Self-Esteem, will 
assume bold responsibilities; lead off in advance of man- 
kind, and generally succeed well; with large Marvel, 
added, will lay stupendous plans ; promise largely, de- 
sign to do, and attempt great things, and to the cautious, 
appear reckless; will be angry if friends attempt to dis- 
suade from any rash speculation; always has much unfin- 
ished business on hand, and with large Construct.and 
Appro., will study upon inventions to obtain great wealth 
and a name. With large Benev. and Destruct,, and large 
social organs, will be a good nurse to the desponding 
sick, and always try to smoothe the path of adversity and 
sorrow, by pointing to a bright and peaceful future ; will 
feel consoled under losses, that the losses are no greater, 
instead of sinking in despair. 



HOPE* 45 

Full, is sanguine and ardent, in view of the future, 
yet not intemperate in expectations. If the temperament 
be active, will exhibit clxeerfulness without exhileration, 
and seldom sink beneath difficulties. With a Bilious 
Nervous temperament, and large Caution, will be sub- 
ject to seasons of depression ; have dark hours and low 
spirits, yet at times, be very cheerful. If Acquis, and 
Marvel, be large, and Caution only average, will have an 
enterprising, speculating turn of mind, and run some 
hazard in business ; will credit promises and expect suc- 
cess, yet if Caus. be only average, will hope more than 
reason, phin too largely, and get into difficuhy, but if 
Caution be large, and Acquis, and Marvel, only full, 
prudence in business and conduct, will result, and with 
large reasoning and perceptive faculties will be highly 
judicious, and if the propelling organs be large, will be 
eneriretic and forcible^ and accomplish much, and prom-^ 
ise little. 

Average, is temperate in promises to self and others^ 
lives rather on the realities of life, than in the regions of 
fancy ; strives by present effort to have future prospects 
well founded, and moves on in an even tenor, neither 
hoping, or fearing without a basis. If Caution be large, 
will keep near shore, and sometimes feel depressed, 
especially if combined with ill health, or a Nervous tem- 
perament. 

Moderate, will expect too little in reference to the 
future; looks on the dark side of prospects; rmtst have 
the approval of reason before embarking upon any thing 
of importance, and if Self- Esteem be only average, will 
seek, and value the advice of friends ; consult ])recedents, 
and rely more upon effort, than luck or fortune; is pre- 
pared to hear of losses and disappointments, and in 
trouble needs much encouragement. If Caution be very 
large, will hesitate and balance between hope and fear, 
till good opportunities arc past; will magnify troubles and 
minify comforts, and need assistance and help from 
friends, to carry on business. With large Ven. and 
Consci., and moderate Marvel, added^ the person wiU 



46 MARVELLOUSNESS. 

feel that the earth is truly a vale of tears, and the future 
will always look dark, and if a professor of religion, will 
doubt personal acceptance with God, often feel con- 
demned, and dread a future state, though perhaps in the 
path of duty, and the road to bliss — reverse this combi- 
nation, and the feelings and manifestations will be re- 
versed. 

Small, is not elated at success ; looks for, and expects 
reverses and misfortunes ; is easily discouraged and bor- 
rows trouble even in advantageous circumstances. "With 
Caution full or large, will be subject to low spirits, and 
indulge and foster melancholy feelings. Persons with 
this combination, should avoid sedate society, pensive 
books, or scenery of a mournful and gloomy cast. 

Very Small, expects but little good, and looks upon 
the future with fear and doubt, and never undertakes any 
thing involving risk. With large Consci, and Caution, 
will be timid and irresolute, and never act, fearing to act 
wrong, and with large Destruct., has the combination of 
a suicide. 

17, MARVELLOUSNESS, 

Wonder, credulity ^ faith, trust and confidence. 

Located on each side of Veneration, between Imitation 
and Hope. 

Very Large. One having Marvel, very large^ is 
eager to hear the news ; is excited with the highest pleas« 
lire in reading of, or viewing strange phenomena; and 
has no lack of religious credence or faith. If Secret, 
be moderate, is liable to be imposed upon by taking for 
granted whatever may be related, however mysterious or 
wonderful. Large Secret, and Cans., however, will insti- 
tute suspicion and doubt; yet accompanied with a strong 
desire that extraordinary and marvellous statements may 
prove to be true. If the intellect be weak, the person 
will believe in omens, dreams^ forewarnings, &c, 



MARVELLOUSNESS. 47 

Large. One with large Marvel., manifests a disposi- 
tion to take upon trust many things which are not sus- 
ceptible of demonstration by the senses ; has much natural 
credulity or faith ; delights in the wonderful, uncommon 
or astonishing in nature or art; likes works of imagina- 
tion, and though known to be such, they will seem to be 
reality; thinks much o^ authority and precedent ; is fond 
of enterprise, renovation, new things, change and im- 
provement; with large Ven., Comp., Event, Local, and 
Form, will be fond of collecting antiques, minerals, and 
curious specimens from the four quarters of the globe, 
and with large Acquis, added, will set a high value upon 
them. With a feeble intellect, will be superstitious in 
religious belief, and in regard to lucky days, dreams, 
omens and signs. 

Full, is fond of the new and extraordinary, of reno* 
vation, new buildings, new arrangements and improve- 
ments ; has a mind open to conviction, and manifests 
considerable credulity ; has a desire to investigate the 
wonderful, and wishes that it may prove true ; is naturally 
confiding and trusts in friends ; believes with less evi- 
dence than many persons, yet is not blindly credulous. 
With large reasoning organs, must have clear evidence, 
yet has sufficient faith, to create that intellectual curiosity 
which leads to investigation. 

Average. One having Marvel, average, is willing to 
hear and read both sides of a question, to weigh and in- 
vestigate any subject, and U'ishes to believe every thing 
which is susceptible of proof or legitimate inference ; will 
often doubt, yet desire to believe; question propositions, 
yet seek for truth. With very large Ven , Benev. and 
Hope, will look upon the revelation, and prospect of eter- 
nal scenes with high delight and active faith, and in 
works of charity, expect the fulfillment of every promise 
to the merciful* 

Moderate, will yield to good evidence on subjects 
which savor of the supernatural or extraordinary, and 
with strong reasoning powers, disbelieve without it; be- 



4S VteNERATlbN. 

lieves what can be understood and explaihecJ; is skepti* 
cal and credulous at times, yet not rigidly so, unless Self- 
Esteem and Firm.be very large ; dislikes did theories^ 
and will reject them unities fourided on reason, or very 
strong probability. 

Small, has t6o little faith ; closes the door of the mind 
against truth, unless accompanied with an overwhelming 
Amount of evidence ; will reject probabilities ; dispute 
analagous reasoning, and with Ven. moderate, will take 
the ipse dixit of no person as evidence on any doubtful 
subject, unless backed by reason and probability ; will 
reject old customs or modes of thinking, and with large 
Cans, and Self-Esteem, bring everything to the standard 
of his own conceptions, without regard to high names^ 
or musty records of human authority. 

Very Small, is a downright skeptic : too narrow 
and rigid in opinions; doubts almost every thing but his 
own senses, and even ques:ions the truth of their asser- 
tions ; will try to account for every thing on natural 
principles, and reject all which lies beyond their reach. 

18. VENERATION. 

Reverence for Deity, desire toudore and worsMpyfoundu" 
tion of religious feeling, ^c. 

This organ is situated on the top of the head, between 
Firmness and Benevolence. 

Very Large, has great reverence for Deity, and when 
engaged in religious worship, feels vivid emotions and 
manifests much fervor in devotional exercises; wiih very 
large Consci. and Firm., will adhere to some particular 
form of worship; with large Adhes. added, will be fond 
of social meetings for religious conversation and prayer, 
and become strongly attaclied to brethren in the cliurch, 
and despise nil professors of religion who are not strictly 
moral and honest in all their intercourse and dealings 
with others ; with large Inhab. and Concent., will have 



VENERATION. 49 

strong attachment to place of public worship; with very 
large Phiio., will have much anxiety about the eternal 
happiness of children. 

Large, is much inclined to respect religious institu- 
tions ; thinks much of Deity as manifested in His works ; 
has much devotional feeling, and treats with deference 
and respect the aged, the wise, and persons in authority ; 
with large Consci., will be honest in ail professions of 
piety and devotion, but with Consci. moderate, will be 
dishonest, and at the same time fervent in devotional 
exercises; with an active intellect, will be fond of antiques 
and the history of the ancients, and with large Acquis. 
and Adhes. added, will lay up old coins, armor and arti- 
cles of clothing and furniture which were once the prop- 
erty of parents or relatives. 

Full, is not remarkable for devotional feelings; pays 
due respect, however, to religious institutions ; with large 
Consci. and Benev., and average Combat, and Destruct., 
will not ridicule religion, or those who make professions 
of piety, and manifest an ardent desire to do good ; will 
not be a "Sunday christian" merely, but be consistent 
in 'Svord and deed ;'* with moderate Marvel, and Hope, 
and large Caus., will have many doubts in regard to that 
part of Revelation which treats of the supernatural, and 
like Thomas Didymus, need much proof to be convinced 
of truth. 

Average, is capable of enjoying religious feelings, and 
under favorable circumstances, will manifest considera- 
ble devotion; with large Marvel, and weak intellect, vvill 
be rather superstitious, but with large reasoning organs 
and moderate Marvel., will worship according to the dic- 
tates of reason, and be void of superstition and blind zeal. 

Moderate, will not be likely to be very devotional, 
or place much reliance upon creeds or forms of worship, 
and will not bow the knee to any created object; with a 
good intellect, and large Consci. and Benev., may have 
some zeal, but it will be^'according to knowledge:"" with 

D 



50 BENEVOLENCE. 

large Combat, and Firm., and full Destruct., Hope and 
Marvel., will be stable and firm, in religious belief. 

Small, has but little regard for forms of religious 
worship, or creeds of men ; does not admit any superiors,, 
and pays little respect to persons in authority; with large 
Consci., Benev. and Self-Esteem, will think more of mo- 
rality and kindness, than of forms, creeds, or the opinions 
of any man, or set of men. 

Very Small, is wanting iri devotional feelings ; treats 
those in office and power as equals; does not pay due 
respect to the ministerial office; with small MarveL, will 
disbelieve the scriptures, and with large Destruct., Self^ 
Esteem and Mirth, added, will be profane, and ridicule 
those who are truly pious, and strict in the performance 
of religious duties. 

19. BENEVOLENCE. 

Kindness, sympathy, philanthropy, mildness of character^ 
desire to see others happy. 

This organ is situated oii the top of the front part of 
the head. 

Very LaRge. One having BeneV. very large, has great 
sympathy for the sufferings and wants of mankind ; takes 
great delight in relieving distress and rendering assistance 
to the destitute ; with average Acquis, and Caution, and 
large Hope, will dispense favors and blessings with a lib- 
eral hand, and when objects of pity present themselves 
and plead for help, will have an almost uncontrollable 
desire to relieve their wants, and will often sacrifice pri- 
vate interest to benefit others ; with large, or very large 
Acquis., will not often be liberal with money, and on this 
account may by some, be called parsimonious, but will 
often do much good by attending personally to the wants 
of the sick and needy, which assistance is, in many cases^ 
preferable to money. 



BENEVOLENCE. 51 

Large, has much benevolent feeling, and a strong 
desire for the happiness of others ; takes pleasure in ad^- 
ministering relief to those who are in want ; with large 
Appro, and Acquis., and average Consci., will not give 
liberally for any benevolent object, unless the praise of 
men be thereby gained; with large Adhes., will be very 
kind and obliging to relatives and friends, and take de-- 
light in witnessing their prosperity and advancing their 
interests ; with large Combat., will be brave, humane and 
generous, and will not only feel for the sufferings of oth- 
ers, but Howard like, visit in person the scenes of dis- 
tress and suffering, and administer relief. With average 
Acquis, and Caution, and large Adhes. and Hope, will 
be free to lend money without good security, and be likely 
to make himself poor, by acts of liberality and kindness. 

Full, has a good share of kind and benevolent feeling ; 
desires that others should be happy, and will sometimes 
sacrifice private interest to benefit the public ; with large 
Acquis, and Caution, will be rather parsimonious ; with 
large Hope, Appro, and Self-Esteem, and full Acquis, and 
Caution, will be liberal and kind to the needy and desti- 
tute, and with moderate Combat, and Destruct. added, 
will have many friends. 

Average, manifests on some occasions a good share 
of kind and tender feeling for the miseries of others, and 
has some emotions of sympathy for persons in distress ; 
with large Combat., Destru.ct. and Hope, and full Acquis., 
will show acts of kindness by attending personally to the 
wants of the sick ; with large Acquis, and Self-Esteem, 
and very large Caution, and small Hope, will be penuri- 
ous, and seldom give any thing for the support of benev- 
olent institutions, or to relieve the distresses of the poor. 

Moderate, is not much affected by the sufferings and 
miseries of mankind ; may give his services, but will 
curse those who ask for cash; with large Appro., will 
sometimes be libera} for tfce p^rpose of being called 
f),e^evolen^ 



52 CONSTRUCTIVENESS. 

Small, is seldom kind to the sick or the needy ; pays 
no regard to the sufferings of others, with large Destruct., 
Acquis, and Self-Esteem, will be cruel, revengeful, mi- 
serly, self-confident and overbearing. 

VerV. Small, is destitute of sympathy, kindness and 
pity ; does not desire the happiness of others, and lacks 
mildness of disposition ; vi^ith very large Adhes., will man- 
ifest strong attachment to relations; with Philo., to child- 
ren, but will lack general kindness; wdth Acquis., Com- 
bat, and Destruct. large or very large, and Caus., Compar., 
Event., Consci., Caution and Yen. moderate or small, 
will be more like a brute than a human being, and have 
no hesitation in committing the most heinous crimes. 

Species III. Semi-Intellectual Sentiments. 

The office of these fiiculties is to elevate and refine 
the feelings and improve the condition of man, to unfold 
the beauties of nature, and adapt them to his purposes 
and happiness. 

20, CONSTRUCTIVENESS, 

Construction in general^ the foundation of all mechanics^ 
the poiver to manufacture. 

Located forward of Acquisitiveness, on the temples^, 
upwa^rd and backward of the external angle of the eyes. 
When large, the head is broad and swells out at this 
region. 

Very Large. One having Construct, very large, has 
an extraordinary talent to contrive and design ; intuitive-^ 
ly detects error in things which are made, and with large 
reasoning and perceptive organs, Concent, and Imitat., 
is capable of becoming a mechanic of the first order ; is 
passionately fond of viewing curious machinery, ingenious 
inventions, and mechanical operations ; is possessed of 
an inventive mind, and with large Hope and Appro., and 
full Marvel., will wander in the intricate mazes of invent 



CONSTRUCTIVENESS. 53 

lion, perhaps try to invent a perpetual motion ; will be 
enterprising as a mechanic, and make improvements in 
machinery, tools, &.c. 

Large, has a strong theoretical mechanical talent, 
ingenuity in building, altering, repairing, &c., and read- 
ily discovers the mechanical uses to which things may 
be applied, and understands the mechanical powers and 
forces, well; with large Comp., Cans,, Imitat., Form 
Size, Weight, Local, and Ideal., will be qualified for 
an architect, engineer or master mechanic, for drawing 
plans, making patterns, and working after those patterns, 
Construct, and Caus., design the things to be made, 
while other faculties give the ability to carry out, execute, 
and practically apply the mechanical principles. Form, 
gives shape; Size, the proper dimensions and proportion; 
Weight, momentum and velocity ; Order, system of ar- 
rangement ; and Ideal, gives taste to finish the whole with 
peculiar elegance. Without a good development of the 
perceptives, no person will be a good executive mechanic, 
even with large Construct.; and without a large and active 
brain, and strong propelling powers, few, if any, will rise 
to distinction and influence in the mechanical world. 

Full, has a good share of mechanical skill and inge- 
uuity ; is fond of mechanical operations ; will try to con- 
trive some better way, some labor-saving process to 
accomplish ends ; takes an interest in viewing machinery, 
and improvements in mechanism, and with large Imitat, 
and perceptive organs, will make a good practical mO' 
chanic, but will execute better than plan. 

Average, is not a great original inventor ; may improve 
machinery, styles, fashions, &c., already existing ; should 
choose some trade or occupation, requiring but little 
inventive talent. With large Hope, Appro, and Acquis., 
may try to give to the world something great, but with 
Caus. only full, will fail to design and complete any 
thing of much importance; with large Imitat., Form and 
Size, and good instruction, will be able to succeed well 
5* 



54 IDEALITY. 

in the less difficult trades, but will not, Fulton-like, strike 
beyond the beaten track and win immortality. 

Moderate, is not an independent mechanic ; will re- 
quire a plan^ draft, or pattern to work by ; with very 
large Individ, and Imitat., will copy well, and do what 
he sees done ; will understand simple machinery, or 
(when clearly explained) the more complicated, yet can- 
not, unassisted, trace intricate machinery to its laboring 
point, or readily adapt new mechanical arrangements to 
accomplish the same end, but use the old tools and follow 
the old way; may invent some simple thing, or make 
slight improvements, but fail on large, original, nice ope- 
rations, indeed will never make an attempt, unless Self- 
Esteem be too large. With large Imitat., Form and 
Size, will be able to learn the executive branch of trades, 
and succeed well in ordinary business, but with only aver- 
age Imitat., will be a bungler when out of the beaten track. 

Small, will never be a leader in mechanical opera- 
tions ; may learn to attend machinery, but be a poor hand 
to keep it in repair ; with large Imitat. and perceptive 
organs, may work with a pattern, but not without one, 
and will be confined to one way of doing things. 

Very Small, is rude in constructing and unskilful in 
the use of tools. 

21. IDEALITY. 

Imagination ; sense of the perfect, exquisite^ beautiful, 
ideal; the foundation of good taste, 

-• Located above Constructiveness, backward and joining 
Mirthfulness, and outward of Imitation and Marvellous- 
ness. When large, the sides of the upper part of the 
head, present a great fulness and width. 

Very Large. One having Ideal, very large, has the 
keenest relish for the beautiful and perfect in nature or 



IDEALITY. 55 

art ; real refinement of taste and feeling, and dwells in 
the regions of fancy and romance. When combined with 
large Lang., Event., Caus., Comp., Combat, and Appro., 
will be an orator whose beauty, copiousness and strength 
of expression will command universal admiration. With 
large social organs, and Mirth, added, will be highly 
polished as a writer, either of prose or poetry, and mani- 
fest an ease and elegance of manner and conversation, 
which cannot fail to win affection and admiration. With 
only average reasoning organs, large Appro., and moder- 
ate Caution, will dislike that which is not romantic, and 
neglect the more solid and useful, for the gaudy and 
showy, alike in language, articles of dress, furniture and 
equipage, and have much more taste than judgment. 

Large, has an active fancy ; is fond of the elegant, the 
finished and ornamental, of poetry, eloquence, polite lit- 
erature, the fine arts, &c. With large Color, Form, 
Size, Local, and Order, will admire paintings, flowers, 
statuary, landscape views, either natural or artificial; 
with large Lang., Event., Comp., Appro, and Hope ad- 
ded, the person will use a glowing, elevated, metaphorical 
style of speaking or writing; with large Adlies. and 
Amat. added, will endow the object of love with super- 
human refinement of qualities, and never admire one 
who is not elegant in figure and manners, and like Burns 
and others, will celebrate the idol of the soul, in ecstatic 
song. As a mechanic, will desire to follow some trade, 
embracing elegance of workmanship, and true taste and 
finish. 

Full, has good taste, but will not sacrifice every thing 
else to beauty and refinement; values the beautiful, in 
connection with the useful ; regards poetry and eloquence, 
as well for its strength of thought and correctness of ar- 
gument, as for its elegance of expression. With large 
reasoning and perceptive organs, will be disgusted with 
gorgeous eloquence, except as a vehicle of sound argu- 
ment and correct principle. 



56 IDEALITY. 

Average, is temperately fond of poetry, oratory, ele- 
gance and beauty, but is influenced on this subject by 
other faculties. With strong reasoning faculties, will be 
pleased, if elegance and beauty of expression, are com- 
bined with vigor and weight of thought, but will prefer 
the latter to the former when they cannot be combined ; 
add large Event., and as a speaker or hearer, will prefer 
straight forward, convincing matter-of-fact, to the beau- 
ties of diction, yet choose to combine both, the former, 
always taking precedence. 

Moderate, prefers durability to elegance; a plain, to 
a gorgeous style of utterance ; values poetry mainly for 
the strength of thought, love, devotion, or the truth which 
it expresses, and generally surrenders ornament for util- 
ity. If Appro, and Imitat. be very large, may seek for 
show and splendor in dress, furniture, &c., but will lack 
that refined taste in their arrangement which imparts 
beauty; may load the person with finery, and the language 
with swelling words, but both will be ill timed, deficient 
in good taste, and fail to please those who have the organ 
large. 

Small, is so deficient in this sentiment as to be coarse 
and unadorned in expression, and common place in all 
things. With lar^e Cans., will prefer solid logic to rhet- 
oric, and often feel disgusted with and reject, that which 
is presented in glowing language ; cannot be a popular 
orator, but will be stiff, dry and barren in style, though 
the matter may be strong and sound ; with large Acquis, 
and Self-Esteem, and only average Appro., will spend 
nothing for show or taste, and censure those who do. 

Very Small, is blind to the world of beauty, which 
"Glows in the stars, and blossoms in the trees ;" 
lacks that sweet string in the soul, that echoes to the 
harmony and beauty of nature and art ; is harsh, coarse 
and vulgar in every thing; may love ardently and worship 
sincerely, or thunder in the pulpit or forum, but every 
performance will resemble the rough block of marble 
more than the polished statue. 



SUBLIMITY. 5*7 

22. SUBLIMITY. 

Love of the vast, the grand, the magnificent. 

Sublimity is located between Ideality and Caution, 
directly above Acquisitiveness. Draw a vertical line 
from the openings of the ears, and it will bisect this 
organ, which, when large, gives width to the upper and 
lateral portions of the head. 

Very Large. One having Sublimity very large, is 
passionately fond of viewing or contemplating any grand 
or sublime phenomenon in nature, the warring elements, 
an awful cascade, loud crashing thunder, the dashing, 
roarinor ocean-waves, a rucraed rock-bound coast when 
lashed by foaming surf, the loftiest mountain's ragged 
crest, and views any thing wild, and sublime, with feel- 
ings of the highest ecstacy, and reads or hears with the 
liveliest emotions, that poetry, or oratory which describes 
such phenomena. One having Sub. very large, com- 
bined with large Ideal., Cans., Comp., Event, and Lang,, 
joined with large Combat., Firm., Destruct., Hope and 
Marvel., will be an orator of the highest order, transport 
the hearer with high-wrought bursts of commanding elO'* 
iquence, arouse a tempest of passion and control it at will. 
Such orators were Demosthenes, Cicero, Chatham, Fox 
and Henry, and the writings of Homer, Milton Shaks- 
peare, Byron and a few living poets and orators, strike 
the same high-toned string in the human mind, 

Large, admires speakers or authors, who manifest 
energy, strength and fire, in their eloquence; enjoys 
mountain scenery; contemplates with delight, the uni- 
verse of worlds rolling in broad immensity, and reflects 
upon the great Architect ot Nature, as a God of power 
and glory. With large Local, and Cans., will love, and 
succeed well in the study of Astronomy. If Caution be 
large, will have a sense of danger in the storm, yet love 
to hear the crashing thunderbolt when the danger is past; 
with large Ideal, and Construct., will view the towering 
domes of a magnificent edifice with extreme pleasure, 



58 IMITATION 

Full, enjoys the grandeur of nature and art, but is 
not passionately fond of the wild and majestic. If Ideal, 
be full or large, will relish mountain scenery, and delight 
to contemplate the beautiful vale beneath; with large 
Color and Order added, will have a lively taste for the 
diversified landscape embracing hills, vales, winding 
streams, villas and lofty mountains in the back ground. 
As a speaker or hearer, will be pleased with strength, 
vigor and beauty of expression, now rising to consult the 
sublimity of nature, then stooping to the tender, the re- 
fined and beautiful^ 

Average, is not enraptured with sublime emotions in 
viewing the objects described under Sub. large, and 
uses but little effort to visit such scenery. If Destruct. 
and Firm, be large, and Caution only average, will not 
be highly delighted or intimidated, or feel vivid emotions 
in view of the sublime. With large Ideal., will prefer 
the beauty to the grandeur of the world. 

Moderate, has an obtuse conception of the sublimity 
of nature, or art, and prefers the useful and arable, to the 
awful. With large Ideal., will admire the tasteful and 
exquisite, to the exclusion of the vast, and with large 
Lang, added, will write or speak with ease and ele- 
gance, rather than power, and prefer poetry whose soft 
and dulcet strain is more like the gurgling stream than 
the thundering waterfall. 

Small or Very Small, is wanting in capacity to en- 
joy any thing which is sublime, and views descriptions of 
that character, as mere bombast. 

23. IMITATION. 

Ability to copy and make after a pattern, 'power of imi^ 
tatiug the manners and gestures of others. 

This organ is located on each side of Benevolence, 
aod next forward of Marvellousness. 



IMITATION. 59 

VerV Large. One having Imitat.vcr^ Zar^e, has very 
great imitative powers, and readily copies the manners 
and gestures of others; can act out the feelings, and make 
a person know, from the natural language of the organs, 
or expression of countenance, without saying a word, the 
ideas wished to be conveyed; with large Combat., De- 
struct., Secret, and a good intellect, will have a theatrical 
talent ; with large Construct., Form and Size, will be 
capable of excelling in chirography and mechanics. 

Large, has a natural talent to work after a pattern, and 
can easily imitate the style and manner of others; with 
moderate Caution, and large Combat.. Destruct. and 
Mirth, will make many gestures when talking; with large 
Comp., Event, and Lang, added, will, in relating anec- 
dotes, tell them in such a manner as to excite laughter and 
gain the attention of the hearer ; with Form, Size, Con- 
struct, and Ideal, large, will have the ability to excel in 
sketching and drawing, and with large Color added, can 
succeed well in painting; with Tune large, will imitate 
the brogue of the Irish, Dutch, Scotch, French, &/C., 
and the natural language of various beasts. 

Full, does many things by imitation ; can copy and 
make after a pattern tolerably well, and manifests a fair 
share of imitative talent; with full Construct., and large, 
or very large Form and Size, will succeed well as a me- 
chanic, and work with, or without a pattern ; but with 
those organs moderate or small, will not succeed in any 
trade which requires ingenuity and skill. 

Average, has some, but not great ability to imitate, 
copy, or make after a pattern ; in relating stories, will be 
original in manner ; with large Combat., and moderate 
Caution, may make some gestures, but they will be made 
in a style peculiar to self; with average Mirth., may get 
credit among the lower classes for wit, when in reality 
it is nothing but oddity. 

Moderate, is not skilful in working from patterns; has 
but little power to imitate the manners or gestures of 



60 MIRTHFULNESS. 

Others; has a mode of relating anecdotes, different from 
any body else; with large Combat, and .full Mirth., and 
a strong and well cultivated intellect, will, as a public 
speaker, gain the attention of auditors by the boldness, 
singularity, and oddity of manner and expression, and 
please a popular assembly. 

Small, takes no delight in imitating the manners of 
others ; has no skill in copying ; is original in action, ges- 
ture and manner ; and if a good mechanic, will be in- 
debted to Construct., Form, Size, &c., for success. 

Very Small, is averse to any thing which requires a 
talent to imitate the works or manners of others ; has no 
ability to copy; still, with very large Construct., Form 
and Size, will succeed well as a mechanic, and in some 
trades be able to excel. 

24. MIRTHFULNESS. 

Wity facetiousnesSy perception of the ludicrous and incon- 
gruous. 

This organ is situated outward from Causality, and 
when large, gives a fulness to the outer angles of the 
tipper portion of the forehead. 

Very Large. One having Mirth, very large, will be 
remarkably fond of wit and humor ; views every thing in 
a ludicrous light, and is highly pleased with mirthful 
stories ; with large Lang, and Event., will recollect, and 
relate many witty anecdotes; with large, or very large 
Combat., Destruct., Secret, and Hope, and moderate Cau- 
tion added, would succeed well as a comic actor ; be for- 
cible, sarcastic and severe in his mode of expression, and 
very fond of making people laugh by his witty remarks. 

Large, is much inclined to view things in a ludicrous 
light, and turn passing incidents into ridicule ; often feels 
an irrepressible disposition to laugh when and where it 
would be improper to do it, enjoys mirthful company 



MIRTHFULNESS. 6i 

remarkably well, and is capable of making much sport; 
with very large Destruct., good intellect and average 
Benev. and Consci., will be very sarcastic and severe in 
argument; and with large Secret, added, will give many 
''sly jokes/' and still appear very sober; with very large 
Cans, and Comp., and average Lang, and Event, will, as 
a writer, be humorous, and often speak in such a manner 
as to please the mirthful, and at the same time convey 
some important idea ; in argument will hold up an oppo- 
nent to ridicule ; with very large Caution, may be too 
modest to give a joke till after the proper time ; but with 
the same organs average, will be a ready wit; with 
Caution very large, and Hope moderate, will manifest 
opposite traits of character, being sometimes gloomy, and 
at other times, very gay and mirthful. 

Full, is quite fond of the ludicrous, and finds difficulty 
in refraining from the use of mirthful expressions when 
in company with those who are quick at repartee; with 
Lang, and the organs of the perceptive intellect generally 
small, will not be distinguished for quick sallies of wit; 
but will sometimes give a *'dry joke," which will be 
directly to the point ; with large Comp., Amat., Combat., 
Destruct. and Aliment., and moderate Ven., Consci , 
Ideal, and Cans., will be vulgar, coarse and harsh in his 
witticisms ; make many obscene and witty comparisons : 
and tell falsehoods, if by so doing some one can be held 
up to ridicule, and thereby cause laughter and merriment. 

Average, is rather mirthful, and fond of making sport, 
but has not a keen perception of the ludicrous ; likes a 
good joke well, but is not always ready to give one ; with 
moderate, or small Imitat., and large Combat., Lang, 
and Comp., will say many odd things which will make 
sport and pass among some persons for real wit. 

Moderate, is rather sedate, and not apt to speak in 
jest, or disposed to view things in a ludicrous light; w^ith 
large Hope, and moderate Caution, will be cheerful, but 
6 



62 INTELLECTUAL FACtLTIES. 

not witty or fond of laughter; with only average Catig^^ 
and Comp., and large Appro., will be much displeased 
if a joke is given at his expense, and with large Combat, 
added ; will manifest a high degree of temper when ridi- 
culed, and from this fact, many who have large Mirth., 
will take delight in teasing him, for the purpose of grati- 
fying their own fun making disposition. 

Small, has a sober turn of mind; is displeased with 
those who make sport out of every passing incident, and 
will not succeed in attempting to give jokes ; with very 
large Appro., will shrink under the keen sting of ridicule, 
and be angry with those who indulge sportive raillery 
against him; with large Combat., Destruct. and Self- 
Esteem added, will be likely to resort to blows when 
ridiculed. 

Very Small, has a want of perceiving the ludicrous^j^ 
and is destitute of mirthful feeling; with large Consci., 
Ven. and Caution, and moderate Hope, will be very grave^ 
gloomy and sedate, and be poor company for the mirthful. 

Order II. Intellectual Faculties. 

These faculties observe phenomena, and reason upon 
the whole physical and metaphysical world, and consti- 
tute what is called intellect^ understanding ox judgment^ in 
contradistinction from the feeling or emotions produced 
by the other faculties: and serve to enlighten and direct 
the feelings. They impart that thirst for information, 
that desire to hnow^ that power to observe, remember, 
classify and reason, which makes man an intelligent and 
progressive being. 

CreUllS I. Perceptive Faculties. 

These bring man into connection with the materia! 
world, and serve as a medium of communication to the 
other faculties. 



INDIVIDUALITT. 63 

Species !• External Senses; 



They are Sensation, 
Sight, 



By these, the mind gains knowl- 
edge of external things, and the 
Hearino, y internal faculties receive these 
Taste, j materials and from them, form 

Smell. j ideas of surrounding objects. 



Species M, Observing and knowing faculties. 

These faculties gather information, criticise surround- 
ing objects, analyze the intrinsic qualities of material 
substances, observe general phenomena, impart correct 
practical judgment, and collect materials for the use of 
the higher faculties. These organs are located above 
and about the eyes, in the lower part of the forehead, 
4and when large, give prominence and width to the head 
at that region. A receding forehead is produced by 
large observing organs, and is favorable to superior prac- 
tical talent. Adams, Calhoun, Clay and Preston are 
examples. 

25. INDIVIDUALITY. 

Power of observation y desire to see things as mere individ- 
ual existences. 

This organ is located at the root of the nose, and when 
large, gives width between the arches of the eyes, and 
forward prominence. 

Very Large. One having Individ, very large, has 
very great observing powers, and manifests an intense 
desire to see every thing that comes within the sphere of 
observation, and when traveling, lets nothing escape no- 
tice or scrutiny ; with large Event, and moderate Cans., 
will be a real starer, observe more than reflect, be very 
superficial in information, and have a good memory of 
that which comes under his observation. 

Large, has a strong desire to see every thing within 



64 INDiriDUALITr. 

the range of vision ; takes great delight in the mere exam- 
ination of objects ; with large Event., Compar. and Time, 
and an active temperament, will be qualified to excel in 
the study of the natural sciences; with large Lang, added^ 
will not only have a strong thirst for information, but a 
talent to impart instruction to others ^ with very large 
Caus. added, will first notice objects closely, found prem- 
ises upon the sure basis of facts, and then reason from 
them, and like Franklin and Gall be qualified to make 
discoveries in science. 

Full, is generally quite observing; notices objects in 
bold relief without descending to details and particulars 
unless the objects are connected with the business or in- 
terest of the person; with very large Caus., will often^ 
when traveling, see an object, and while reflecting upon 
it, pass many things without notice ; with large Event* 
added, will know much of a few things, or subjects, rath- 
er than a little of many; with small Event, and Lang., 
will not be qualified for a general scholar, or excel in any 
one science. 

Average, is not a very minute observer of things in 
general, and does not possess the power necessary to 
acquire knowledge of existing objects with facility ; with 
large reasoning organs, will gain information from books* 
and reflection more than by observation. 

Moderate, will fail to notice objects minutely, and 
when traveling will let many things escape observation; 
with moderate Event., will, on entering a room, observe 
the general appearance of furniture, &c., but after leaving 
it, will be able to give only a vague description of its 
contents. 

Small, has very feeble powers of observation ; gains 
knowledge slowly, and when traveling, will pass many 
objects unnoticed, although they may be conspicuous ; 
with full Caus. and Event., will be able to gain some 
knowledge from books, but be deficient in general infor-> 
mation and practical ability. 



FORM. 65 

Very Small, notices but few objects when traveling; 
has no talent to acquire knowledge by observation ; feels 
his way through the world, and if all the rest of the intel- 
lectual organs be large, will fail to become a distinguished 
scholar in the natural sciences. 

26. FORM. 

Idea of configuration, power of recollecting models, coun," 
tenances, family resemblances , Sfc. 

This organ is situated near the inner angles of the eyes, 
and when large, causes great width between them. 

Very Large. One having Form very large, has an 
extraordinary memory of shapes, form and configuration, 
is very fond of viewing any object, the form of which is 
beautiful; with large Individ., will be very observing of 
persons, and never forget the countenances of those once 
seen ; with very large Lang, and Size, will have the ability 
to become a good reader, and deliver a written discourse 
well before a public assembly. 

Large, will have the ability to judge of the configura- 
tion of objects with great accuracy and has a good mem- 
ory of countenances ; with large Individ, and Comp., will 
readily detect slight differences in the shape of objects; 
with very large Size added, with point out with great 
accuracy the want of resemblance and size of two articles 
intended to have been made alike ; with large Individ., 
Comp., Event, and Local., will be able to excel in anato- 
my, mineralogy, geography, &:c. 

Full, has a tolerable good memory of the shape of 
objects, and of persons' countenances ; with very large 
Construct., Size, Imitat., Color, Comp. and Ideal., will 
succeed well in drawing and painting; with large Individ. 
and Local, added, will be fond of beautiful landscapes; 
with large Lang, and Event, added, will have the ability 
to describe natural scenery in minute detail, and of excel-; 
ling in the natural sciences. 
6* 



66 SIZE. 

Average, will find it necessary to spend considerable 
time with strangers to recollect their countenances; has 
only a fair talent to judge of the configuration of objects, 
and will never excel as a mechanic without the aid of 
patterns. 

Moderate, cannot recal to mind the countenances 
even of intimate friends, and when meeting them after a 
few years' absence, will recognize those only, who have 
strongly marked features ; with moderate Individ., will 
miscall many words when reading, and never excel in 
orthography. 

Small, has a very poor memory of countenances ; 
cannot retain the shape of objects with any degree of ac- 
curacy, and often shakes hands with persons whom he 
cannot recognize. 

Very Small, forgets the countenances of familiar 
acquaintances ; cannot recognize old neighbors after a 
short absence from them, and has no idea of the features 
of absent relatives and friends. 

2 7. SIZE. 

Power to judge of magnitude, distance, height, depth, Sfc. 

This organ is located outward from Individuality. 

Very Large. One having this organ very large^ has 
a keen, and ready perception of the magnitude of objects ; 
can determine with great accuracy, the distance of places, 
or things ; the height of a house, room or tree ; can divide 
things into equal parts without measuring ; tell the centre 
of objects, such as a line, square, or circle; in drawing, 
get the true, the relative, or comparative size of the 
thing sketched; and do it by the eye, with great precision. 

Large, The organ of size large^ imparts a talent to 
judge of the magnitude, bulk, distance, and height of 
things very accurately by the eye ; the person will succeed 



WEIGHT. 67 

well ccBteris paribus, in such arts as require good judg- 
ment of magnitude; and will usually be able to calculate 
ordinary things without measurement ; or detect the errors 
of measurement with the eye ; is a good judge of size and 
proportion in respect to buildings, men, cattle, horses, 
&c. When combined with large Order and Ideal., 
will arrange tools, furniture, books, minerals and curios- 
ities, with due regard to neatness, beauty and proportion 
of size, of the things arranged. 

Full, is able to calculate size and distance ; to make, 
compare and arrange things, where judgment of magni- 
tude is concerned, with a fair degree of accuracy ; and 
with large Weight added, will judge by the eye of the 
weight of animals, men and things tolerably well. 

Average, can judge of size and distance, and measure, 
height, depth, &c., with the eye, to some extent, yet will 
choose to trust to some rule — cannot carry the dimensions 
of machines, buildings, garments, men, or animals, in the 
memory, so as to decide with critical accuracy, in respect 
to the relative size of a present, with an absent object. 

Moderate, will fail to measure correctly by the eye, 
the height of mountains, buildings and distances, or the 
size of men, animals or other objects ; and can only ob- 
tain a tolerable amount of skill in this respect, by long 
and persevering practice — as a mechanic or artist, will 
trust to the rule ; will judge and then measure, and if a 
mistake occurs in measurement, will not readily detect it 
by the eye. 

Small or Very Small, judges very inaccurately of 
absolute or relative size, length and distance, and will 
place no reliance upon the judgment, in such matters. 

28. WEIGHT. 

The perception and application of the principles of specific 

gravity, momentum^ force and resistance ; of that 

quality of matter called imponderability. 



68 WEIGHT. 

This organ is located on the arch of the eye-brow, out- 
ward of Size. When large, it gives a squareness, and a 
kind of frowning appearance to the brow, with great 
prominence to this part of the arch of the eye. 

Very Large. One having the organ of weight very 
large, is capable of preserving the true balance of the 
body in any position ; will judge with critical accuracy of 
the specific gravity of bodies, and the power necessary to 
propel them ; and whether buildings, trees, masts, stee- 
ples, furniture, mirrors, maps or pictures are perpendicu- 
lar ; and feel uneasy if the law of gravitation is violated 
in the least degree. 

Large, judges very correctly of the weight of animals, 
men and things, also whether things are reclining ; is 
offended with leaning statuary, a stooping man, house, 
fence, steeple, tree, or any thing which ought to be per- 
pendicular ; has good judgment of weight and resistance; 
can balance the body on horseback, and if a man, will 
throw a ball, stone or quoit well, or become a good 
marksman with little practice. 

Full, can judge tolerably well of specific gravity, keep 
a balance, &/C.; will notice if things are not perpendicu- 
lar, or level, but lack nice perception, and mathemati- 
cal certainty in this respect. 

Average, has not enough of this faculty to judge with 
accuracy of weight, resistance, momentum and perpen- 
dicularity; will notice if things are very much leaning, 
but is not pained at a slight variation ; will frequently 
trip and lose the balance of the body, and if Caution be 
large, and Combat, and Appro, moderate, will venture 
very little in the way of climbing. 

Moderate, will require much practice to judge with 
any degree of correctness, of gravity and perpendiculars ; 
will stumble and trip easily, and venture upon high and 
difficult places, only from imperious necessity, and bal- 
ance poorly. 



COLOR. 6y 

Small or Very Small, is the reverse of what is de- 
scribed under Weight very large. 

29. COLOR. 

Perception of primary colors, their shades and blending s. 

This organ is located at the centre of the arch of the 
eye-brow, and when large, gives great upward and for- 
ward arching to it. 

Very Large. One having the organ of Color very 
large f is a great observer and lover of colors; a good judge 
of the nicer shades and blendings of shades; and with 
large Imitat., Form, Size, Weight and Ideal., is capable 
of drawing and painting with extraordinary skill, and 
will be fond of cultivating flowers and collecting paint- 
ings, shells, &.C., for the beauty of their colors. 

Large, has a ready and clear perception of the nice 
shades and blendings of colors, and is quite observing of 
the color of the hair, eyes and dress of persons; has the 
faculty to combine and compare colors with skill and 
detect errors in paintings; will manifest good taste in 
the selection of goods where color is a valuable quality, 
and with practice, would become a good colorist. 

Full, possesses a tolerable amount of talent to observe, 
discriminate and judge of the primitive colors, and with 
practice, will be able to harmonize and blend them with 
some, but not great skill : in painting, will use bold col- 
ors, and with large Ideal., will be as fond of mezzotint or 
Daguerreotype pictures, as colored paintings. 

Average, can distinguish colors and recollect them 
by giving particular attention, but is not very observing 
of complexion, the color of the dress of persons, &c. If 
Form, Size, Order and Ideal, be large, will notice the 
figure, proportion and delicacy of a person or picture, 
flower^ dry goods or animals, more than their color, 



70 



ORDER. 



Moderate, seldom notices colors, unless the attention 
is directed to them by business, interest, or some singu- 
larity, such as a spotted horse, ox or bird , will suffer 
ordinary colors, to pass without a thought ; with Ideal, 
and the perceptive organs large, will be fond of pictures 
and flowers, but other qualities more than color, will be 
the foundation of admiration. 

Small or Very Small, can never excel in judging of 
colors, even w^ith practice ; may tell black from white ; 
an African from an European; but sees little difference 
in colors, or their blendings. 

30. ORDER. 

Love of arrangement ; desire to have things in their prop- 
er places. 

This organ is situated between Color and Number ^^at 
the external corner of the eye, and beneath the origin of 
the superciliary ridge." 

Very Large. One having this organ very large^ is 
extremely precise and systematic in arranging clothing, 
tools, books, &.C.; keeps every thing in its proper place, 
is very uneasy in viewing disorder, and in many things is 
over-nice. One having Order very large, combined with 
moderate or average Ideal, and Caution, will not be very 
particular about personal neatness ; with large Appro, 
added will keep the **outside of the cup and platter" 
clean, and use a great deal of finery to cover up a slov- 
enly person. 

Large, likes good order and arrangement in all things ; 
can usually find clothing, tools, &-c., in the dark, if no 
one has misplaced them ; with large Combat., and a ner- 
vous temperament, will be angry at others if they do not 
practice neatness, and keep every thing where it should 
be; with large Lang, added, will be well qualified for a 
scold^ and will be likely to use some harsh language 
when things do not go right ; will be displeased with 



NUMBER. 71 

domestics if they are not neat and tidy, and with small 
Secret., be so blunt with them as to give offence, and find 
difficulty in retaining their services. 

Full, is rather precise and systematic; values order 
highly, and generally keeps things in their proper places. 
With large Ideal. ^ will be quite neat and particular ; with 
very large Local, will have a particular place for clothing, 
books, &c. With large Inhab., will want a particular 
seat at the table and fireside. 

Average, has an average share of order and love of 
arrangement ; likes to see things iti their proper places, 
but does not always keep them so ; is not fastidious or 
over-nice; with large Ideal, and Appro., will be neat in 
dress and personal appearance, and exhibit more taste 
than systematic arrangement in general business. 

Moderate, will not appreciate order, or in general 
arrangement keep things as they should be ; has some 
order, but more disorder, in respect to keeping clothing, 
tools, &c., in their proper places. 

Small, is not troubled if things are out of place, and 
does not appreciate good arrangement ; in writing, will get 
many blots upon the paper and fail to cross the t's and 
dot the i's; with large Combat., Self-Esteem and De- 
struct., and a nervous temperament, will scold at others 
if they do not keep order, and at the same time lack the 
ability to arrange things with neatness and propriety. 

Very SxMALl, is not systematic, has no sense of pro- 
priety in arranging furniture, dress, &/C., always leaves 
things out of their proper places, in short, has a place for 
nothing and nothing in its place. 

31. NUMBER. 

Ability to add^ subtract , multipljj and divide^ to count and 
calculate numbers. 



72 NUMBER. 

This organ is situated outward from Order, and a little 
above the external angle of the eye. 

Very Large. One having this organ very large, has 
very great powers of calculation ; can reckon figures in 
the head, with celerity and correctness; solve difficult 
questions without the aid of rules; with a large develop- 
ment of the reasoning organs, will have the ability to 
excel as a mathematician ; with those organs moderate, 
will succeed well in acquiring a knowledge of Arithmetic, 
but not in the higher branches of mathematics. 

Large, has the ability to succeed well in the study of 
arithmetic; reckons figures in the head with ease and 
dispatch: takes much delight in solving arithmetical 
problems; with large Local., Form, Size and Comp., will 
have the ability to succeed well in the studies of surveying 
and navigation ; with large Cans, and Comp. added, will 
be able to excel in the higher branches of mathematics. 

Full, can acquire a knowledge of arithmetic with a 
good degree of facility, and be able with practice, to solve 
difficult problems, without the aid of a pen or pencil ; 
with large Caution, will be slow, but correct in calcula- 
tions, and with large reflective organs, succeed well in 
the reasoning part of arithmetic, and in the study of 
mathematics. 

Average, has a fair talent to compute by numbers, 
but is not very fond of the study of arithmetic ; with large 
Cans., will be better pleased with mathematics than simple 
numbering ; with average, or full Individ., cannot become 
a rapid penman, and will be liable, when trying to write 
with celerity, to leave out letters, or parts of a letter, or 
put too many letters into a word ; with large Caution and 
Order added, will write a stiff, but legible hand. 

Moderate, cannot compute by numbers with ease or 
facility ; dislikes the study of arithmetic, and will need 
to study much, to be able to transact common business 
that requires a knowledge of the science of numbers. 



t^OCALITV. 7S 

Small or Very Small, is wanting in arithmetical 
talent ; cannot learn the multiplication table, yet with 
large reasoning organs, and an active temperament, may 
be a philosopher, and possess sound judgment in every 
thing, except the science of numbers. 

32. LOCALITY. 

Knowledge of direction, and of the relative position of 
places and things. 

This organ is located above Size and Weight, on each 
side of Eventuality and Individuality. 

Very Large. One having Locality very large, is anx-^ 
ious to visit foreign places; desires to understand the 
minute geography of different countries; has a clear and 
vivid recollection of roads and places once seen, their 
relative position, direction or location. With Inhab. 
moderate, will be passionately fond of traveling, and 
reading of travels, surveys, 6lc. ; never gets lost in cities 
or forests, and can direct travelers well. 

Large, is well qualified to enjoy traveling ; or fo pur* 
s\ie the study of geography understandingly ; will retrace 
the steps through winding ways without difficulty, and 
seldom forgets the appearance or location of places once 
seen. With large Number, Form, Size and Weight, will 
excel as a surveyor, or navigator; with large Lang, and 
Individ, added, will excel in describing localities; and 
with large Ideal., Hope and Marvel, and average Acquis, 
added, would like to travel the world through, to see 
curiosities and examine the wonders of the present and 
ruins of the past. 

Full, has a relish for traveling; likes to get informa- 
tion respecting nations, places and general geography ; 
in listening to a fact or transaction, wishes to know tvhere 
it occurred, and in relating incidents, is particular to tell 
the place of the transaction, as well as the fact; always 
has a curiosity to know where persons live, to find out 
7 



74 gEMI-PERCEPTIVE FACtJLTIES, 

the residence of strangers, &c. ; seldom gets 'Hnrned 
around^^ or loses the point of compass ; generally recol- 
lects the appearance of towns, direction of roads and 
streams- the locality of mountains, buildings, places and 
things. 

Average, feels some desire to visit foreign places \ 
has ordinary local memory, and requires strict attention 
to recollect the peculiarities of places. With small Indi- 
vid., will often pass places a second time without recol- 
lecting them. With large Inhab., Adhes. and Acquis., 
will travel only to see friends, or when interest demands 
it, and will then travel in a cheap way. With large 
Lang., will remember where things are situated by the 
language used to describe their location rather than by 
their absolute situation. 

Moderate, \vill not be fond of roving, or remember 
roads, places and localities, unless directed by something 
of special interest. With large perceptive organs and 
large Eventuality, will readily see things, and remember 
all that he sees, but not be critical respecting their local- 
ity. If Inhab., and the social organs generally, and 
Acquis, be large, the person will travel only from impe- 
rious necessity and turn the back upon the world and 
say^ **There's no place like home." 

Small, is liable to get lost when traveling or rather is 
not disposed to travel at all ; with large Individ., Formp 
Color, Ideal, and Mjirvel., will be fond of seeing the 
curiosities which new scenes afford, but will have a poor 
memory of localities. 

Very Small, has a very poor geographical memory^ 
and travels only from the urgency of business and the 
promptings of the other faculties. 

Sp€Cie§ III* Semi-^Perceptive Faculties. 

The organs of these faculties are located across the 
middle of the forehead j above the simple perceptive, and 



EVENTUALITY. ' 75 

below the reflective or reasoning organs, and the facuU 
ties in their nature are intermediate, those which relate 
merely to the physical qualities of material substances 
and those that grasp abstract relations and truly meta- 
physical subjects. The perceptive faculties gather facts 
and observe the phenomena of things as simple existences* 
%vhile the semi-^perceptives take cognizance of their modes 
of action, and remember what the others observe, and 
transmit it to the reflective faculties, and thus the per- 
ceptive and semi-perceptive faculties all combine, to fur- 
nish data for the reasoning powers, 

33, EVENTUALITY. 

Recollection of facts, actions and occurrences ; power ta 
» treasure up what the other faculties observe. 

This organ is located in the centre of the forehead, 
between the simple perceptive, and reflective faculties. 

Very Large. One having Event, very large, pos- 
sesses a clear retentive memory of facts, historical events, 
anecdotes, what has happened, &c. With large Individ., 
is very observing of things when inaction and motion, 
and has a remarkable memory of such occurrences, even 
in minute detail. With large Consci., Time and Local., 
will be a good witness in courts of justice ; will remem*- 
ber circumstances, and the time and place of their occur- 
rence, while Consci., Vi'ill lead to the honest relation of 
the facts. 

Large, asks many questions ; seeks information ; has 
a prying curiosity to find out and know ; remembers inter- 
esting events without effort, and has the talent necessary 
for a good historian. With large Local., will be passion- 
ately fond of reading of travels and voyages, and with 
large Ven. added, the biography of distinguished persons. 
With large Firm., Destruct. and Combat., will like the 
history of wars, and the rise andf all of Empires ; with large 
Time and Local., will remember with accuracy the time 
when, and the places where events occurred ; apd with 



76 EVENTUALirr, 

large Lang, added, will remember the language of writers 
used in the description of events, and be able to Gommti- 
nicate those facts to others in a clear manner. 

Full, is anxious to read and hear the news and to 
gather facts; will remember leading events tolerably well, 
but suffer minor matters, and less interesting particulars 
to escape the memory. If Acquis., Time and Caution 
be large, will have a good memory of business transac- 
tions, and with large Consci. added, be punctual to fulfill 
encfaofements. 

Average, will require much effort to remember events^ 
which are not important or interesting. If Acquis., 
Philo., Adhes., Caution or Appro, be krge, will remen>- 
ber what concerns the interest of the purse, what relates^ 
to children, or friends, or danger, or reputation, and will 
always require some aid of the other faculties to impress 
upon the mind the recollection of events. With large 
reasoning organs, will remember ideas and principles bet- 
ter than facts. 

Moderate, recollects important facts and events only, 
or where interest is concerned. With large Mirth., 
Imitat. and Lang., will remember ludicrous incidents and 
anecdotes, and relate them welt. With very large Indi«» 
vid.. Local., Time and Form, will remember places, dates 
and faces, better than events, and recollect events in 
detail, only by associating them with other appearances 
and circumstances. 

Small, lacks the power to remember facts successfully 
even when interest produces a desire to retain; gains but 
little knowledge from books, because he cannot remem^ 
ber what he reads. 

Very Small, cannot remember what daily occurs; 
when a question arises, is obliged to reason out every 
thing anew, and fails to profit by experience. 



TIME. 77 

34. TIME. 

Perception of duration, ability to recollect the time when 
events transpired, . 

The organ of Time is situated between Locality and 
Tune, and above Color. 

Very Large. One having Time very large, has a re- 
markable talent to recollect the precise time when events 
transpired, the day of the month, the hour of the day, 
&^c., with great accuracy without the aid of a time piece, 
and has the ability to become a good chronologist. 

Large, has an excellent memory in respect to the time 
when events transpired ; in relating anecdotes, will be par- 
ticular to tell the time of their occurrence ; keeps good 
time in marching, dancing, and in performing music ; 
with large Consci. and Firm., will be punctual to the 
moment to fulfill engagements, and wish others to do like-? 
wise. 

Full, has a fair memory of dates, and of the ages of 
friends ; in reading history, will recollect the time when 
important events have taken place, but will forget the 
date of events of minor importance; with large Tune, 
Event, and Number, will have the ability to become a 
good musician, and keep correct time. 

Average, is not capable of excelling as a chronolo- 
gist ; cannot tell the day of the week or month, without 
giving particular attention ; with large Event., will recol- 
lect a circumstance much better than the date of its oc- 
currence ; with large Local., Individ., Lang, and Form 
added, in relating an anecdote will tell the circumstances 
accurately, the place where and before whom, but forget 
the time when it occurred. 

Moderate, cannot recollect dates, ages, &c., or tell 
the time i^Aen events have transpired, without giving great 
attention ; has not the ability to excel as a chronologist 

7* 



78 TUNE. 

or to keep correct time in music; as a public speaker, 
will clip his words, and speak one part of a sentence with 
great rapidity and another part slowJj. 

Small or Very Small, finds difficulty in recollecting 
the ages of near relations; cannot tell the time when 
important events have taken place ; fails to keep time ia 
music and marching, and with moderate Number, will 
forget his own age. 

35, TUNE* 

Sense of melody and musical harmoni/. 

This organ is located forward of Constructiveness, and 
above and backward of the external angle of the eye. 

Very Large. One having Tune very large^ is very 
quick to learn tunes by hearing them sung, and recollects 
them without effort ; witli large Imitat., and average 
Form, Size, Individ., Event, and Time, will dislike to 
sing by note ; with large, or very large Ideal., will be fond 
of soft and gentle airs ; with very large Combat., Amat. 
and Mirth., will be fond of martial music, love songs, and 
comic singing ; with small, or moderate Ideal, added, will 
admire negro songs of a coarse and vulgar nature, and 
prefer them to elevated and refined music. 

Large, has a good musical ear and by hearing others 
perform, can learn tunes with facility without the aid of 
of notes; with large Individ., Local., Time and Weight, 
will readily learn to perform well on the Piano Forte; 
with large Benev., Ven., Hope, Marvel., Adhes. and 
Ideal., will throw the whole soul into music, and perform 
with great talent and melting melody; with large Com- 
bat, added, will perform with energy, force and power. 

*NoTE. Tlie organ of Tune occupies a small space in the head, 
and is covered with the temporal muscles, and for this reason we 
are not always positive respecting its size; and hence, in giving a 
Chirt, we seldom mark the organ. In the naked skull, we find 
ao difficulty on this point. 



LANGUAGE. 79 

Full, is quite fond of music and can learn tunes by ear 
with a good degree of facility ; with large or full Time, 
Individ., Form and Numb,, will learn tunes readily by 
note ; with large Mirth, and Hope, and average Caution 
and Consci., will be fond of gay and lively airs; with 
average Hope, and Mirth., and large Caution and Consci., 
will be pleased with plaintive music, and be disgusted 
with comic songs, dancing tunes and boisterous music. 

Average, cannot readily learn tunes by hearing them 
performed by others, but can discriminate between good 
and poor music; with large Form, Time, and Number, 
and much practice, will be able to play on musical instru- 
ments, and with a good voice, to sing with the aid of notes. 

Moderate, is not elated at the sound of music and 
learns tunes with great difficulty; with large Self-Esteem, 
will like to take the lead; will sing loud, and make many 
discords and not know it, to the great annoyance of those 
who have a good taste for musical harmony ; with large 
Ideal., may be very fond of hearing vocal music, and will 
think much of the words with which it is connected. 

Small, or Very Small, dislikes music ; has not the 
ability to distinguish the difference in tones; cannot tell 
harmonious from discordant strains, or one tune from 
another, but if Time be large, may do it by the slowness 
or rapidity of the movement ; as a public speaker, will 
fail to modify the voice, so as to please an auditory; with 
small Ideal., will be low and vulgar in feeling and conduct. 

36. LANGUAGE, 

Faculty of committing to memory, power of expressing 
thoughts and ideas hy means of speech. 

This organ is located immediately over the eyes, upon 
the super-orbiter plate, and when large, presses the eye 
outward and downward. 



80 LANGUAGE. 

Very Large. One having Lang, very large, has a re- 
markable talent to recollect words ; is able to speak with 
ease and fluency, and can commit to memory with great 
rapidity ; with large Event, and Individ., and moderate 
Cans., will use a great many words to express a very few 
ideas, and in relating anecdotes will be prolix; with moder- 
ate Secret, and Caution and large Hope, will be loquacious. 

Large, has a good verbal memory ; makes use of ap- 
propriate words to express feelings and ideas ; with large 
Individ., Event., Hope and Combat., and moderate Se- 
cret, and Caution, will have a great command of words 
and be able to communicate thoughts with ease and 
fluency; with large Cans., Comp., Event., Individ., Imi- 
tat.. Ideal, and Tune added, will make a good public 
speaker, be eloquent, and have a faculty to gain the atten- 
tion of auditors, and be able to excel in the science of 
elocution. 

Full, can commit to memory with a fair degree of 
facility ; has a tolerable command of words and, when 
excited, will be fluent; with large Secre't. and Caution, 
and moderate Event., Combat, and Hope, will hesitate 
when talking, and appear to lack Language, and will have 
a better faculty to write than speak; with small Secret, 
and Cans., will speak without suflicient thought, and with 
large Self-Esteem and Destruct. added, will be blunt and 
harsh in the expression of views and feelings. 

Average, possesses an average talent for committing 
to memory, and has language suited to ordinary occa- 
sions ; with large Combat, and Hope, will be fluent, espe- 
cially when excited ; with large Event., and average 
Secret, added, will be quite a talker, but lack ease and 
copiousness of style in the expression of ideas. 

Moderate, cannot learn to repeat words and senten- 
ces without much labor ; will often be at a loss for words 
by which to express ideas ; with large Cans., will remem- 
ber the ideas of a speaker better than the language in 



REASONING ORGANS. 81 

which he clothes them, and be conscise in the expression 
of thoughts either orally or with the pen. 

Small, is slow to commit to memory ; uses language 
that is common-place ; with full Caution, and average 
Combat., will often be much troubled for words by which 
to express ideas ; with a good development of the other 
organs of the intellect, will, on a slight acquaintance, ap- 
pear less talented than is in reality the case. 

Very Small, has a very poor verbal memory, often 
hesitates when talking, for words ; will use inappropriate 
language, and sentences without any significant meaning ; 
with Individ, and Form moderate or small, will find much 
difficulty in learning to read with any degree of celerity 
or accuracy. 

Crenus H. Reflective or Reasoning faculties. 

These faculties give understanding or reason, and take 
a general supervision over all the other faculties and give 
power to reason upon the ideas which they obtain. They 
impart the power to trace the connection between causes 
and effects, lead to the discovery and application of first 
principles, generate resources, invent, adapt means to 
ends, comprehend truly abstract, metaphysical subjects 
and create that high order of intellect which makes man 
a progressive and improvable being, and although weaker 
than many animals, yet the natural lord of the earth. 

37. COMPARISON. 

2^his faculty compares, illustrates y discovers analogies^ 

resemblances and differences in principles, objects ^ 

Sfc, ; the power to reason from parallel cases, 

to illustrate and classify phenomena. 

This organ is located in the middle of the upper por-^ 
tion of the forehead. 



82 COMPARISON. 

Very Large. One having Comp. very large, possesses 
a scrutinizing, analytical mind ; extraordinary talent ta 
illustrate and reason from supposed or similar cases; 
power to discover and appreciate the nice shades of dif- 
ference or analogy, of principles, language or things, 
and with large Lang., will be a real critic in terms. 

Large, has superior power to reason by analogy ; to 
detect a slight incongruity ; makes appropriate compari- 
sons, and with very large Caus., will have strong theoret- 
ical understanding, critical and comprehensive views, 
and originality and depth of thought. With large Indi- 
vid., Event., Lang, and Ideal., wdll be apt, and to the point 
in illustrations, use glowing mataphors, and highly polished 
proverbial and parabolical expressions; v»^ith large Firm., 
Appro., Hope, Sub., and Combat, added, will carry ev- 
ery thing before him in argument and oratory, and be the 
personification of intellectual greatness ; with very large 
Destruct., Self-Esteem and Mirth, added, will, when 
aroused, be sarcastic and his withering criticisms will be 
bold, censorious and overwhelming. 

Full, has a fair talent to compare and reason by anal- 
ogy ; but will not detect the nicer differences, the minute 
and obscure resemblances in principles, arguments and 
things ; with large Construct, and perceptive organs, will 
make bold comparisons, and illustrate ideas and princi- 
ples well by the mechanical powers. With large Mirth, 
and moderate Imitat., Secret, and Ideal., will be blunt, 
off-hand and odd, and make many singular and laughable 
comparisons, but with large Secret., Ideal, and Caus., 
will be chaste and elegant in illustration and take a few 
bold points of comparison, and reason from them with 
success. 

Average, has tolerable ability for analogy and classi- 
fication ; readily feels the force of such comparisons as 
are bold and striking, and manifests strength, rather than 
acuteness in illustration. With large Caus., will reason 
more from first principles than by a comparison of facts, 
and with moderate Ideal, and Hope, will rarely use a 



CAUSALITY. 83 

metaphor, and is rather dry and abstruse, than eloquent, 
polished and refined. 

Moderate, perceives and uses in argument, such 
comparisons only, as are strong and perfectly apparent; 
is more general, than critical in illustration ; fails to ob- 
serve minute resemblances and differences in property, 
ideas or language, and cannot classify thoughts or things 
closely. 

Small, has but little talent for illustration, and seldom 
uses, or tries to employ comparisons, and is crude and 
inappropriate in all such efforts. 

Very Small, is slow and obtuse in analogical percep- 
tion, even when bold and striking comparisons are pre- 
sented by others. 

38. CAUSALITY. 

Power to reason, ability to trace the *^ dependences of phe* 
nomena, and the relation of cause and effect. 

This organ is located outward from Comparison, in 
the upper and lateral portions of the forehead. 

Very Large. One having Caus. very large, has a 
very strong desire to know Xheichy andicherefore of every 
thing; is an original thinker; reasons from first causes; 
searches deeply into abstruse principles and relations, and 
is capable of^ investigating and comprehending the most 
profound arguments: with large perceptive organs added, 
will observe closely, obtain data from small matters, and 
upon them found large systems, and thus, like Newton, 
Franklin and Gall, make new discoveries in science. 

Large, is much inclined to search deeply and find out 
the causes of existing phenomena, and easily comprehends 
abstruse principles; with large Individ, and Event., will 
be fond of natural philosophy ; with those organs moder- 
ate or small, will like abstract reasoning, yet lack judg* 



84 CAUSALITY. 

ment on many practical subjects^ and leafn more ffom 
books than by observation; with large Combat., will be 
fond of contending upon metaphysical subjects ; with very 
large moral organs added, will take pleasure in reasoning 
on the doctrines of morality and theological subjects. 

Full, will wish to know the causes and reasons of 
things, but will not be distinguished for deep, original 
conceptions ; with large Comp. and perceptive intellect, 
will possess sound judgment and have good practical 
ability ; with large Firm., full Combat, and Destruct. 
added, will not only plan well, but have force and efficien- 
cy to carry out those plans. 

Average, will not possess great power of reasoning 
upon first principles; with large Comp., Lang., Event, 
and Individ., will reason plausibly upon many subjects 
and appear to good advantage, yet be superficial upon 
those which require deep thinking; and with large Self- 
Esteem added, will, upon a short acquaintance, get credit 
for knowing more than he really does. 

Moderate, has but little desire to search into first 
principles ; lacks the ability to reason upon abstruse sub- 
jects ; with large Secret., will display considerable tact 
and shrewdness, but lack the power to lay deep plans and 
carry them out advantageously. 

Small, has feeble ability to plan and reason, and is not 
possessed of sound judgment ; cannot understand profound 
arguments and solid reasoning; with large Ven., and mod- 
erate Self-Esteem, will feel very lowly in the company of 
the learned and dignified. 

Very Small, cannot comprehend the most simple 
reasoning ; is not able to originate any new ideas, and is 
destitute of common sense. 



GALL & SPURZHEIM. 

Francois Joseph Gall, the founder of Phrenology, was 
born in the village of Tiefenbrunn, within the district of the 
Grand Duchy of Baden in Germany, on the ninth of March, 1758, 
and died in the city of Paris, August twenty second, 1828. 

John Gasper Spurzheim, the associate and fellow- laborer of 
Gall, was born at Longuich, a village on the river Moselle a 
branch of the Rhine, and within the bounds of the Prussian Km" 
pire, on the 31st of Dec. 1776, and died at Boston, in the United 
States, Nov. 10th, 1832, and was honored by the citzens of Boston 
with a burial and a monument in Mount Auburn Cemetery. 

ODE ON SPURZHEIM. 

BY THE REV. J. PIERPONT. 

Stranger there is bending o'er thee, 

Many an eye with sorrow wet; 
All our stricken hearts deplore thee; 

Who that knew thee can forget? 
Who forget what thou hast spoken ?: 

Who, thine eye — thy noble frame ? 
But that golden bowl is broken, 

In the greatness of thy fame. 

Autumn's leaves shall fall and wither 

On the spot where thou dost rest; 
'Tis in love we bear thee thither, 

To thy mourning Mother's breast, 
For the scores of science brought us^ 

For the charm thy goodness gave 
To the lessons thou hast taught us, 

Can we give thee but a grave ? 

Nature's priest, how pure and fervent 

Was thy worship at her shrine ! 
Friend of man, — of God, the servant, 

Advocate of truths Divine ; 
Taught and charm'd as by no other, 

We have been, and hoped to be ; 
But while waiting round thee, Brother, 

For thy light — 'tis dark with thee. 

Dark with thee ! — no ; thy Creator, 

All whose creatures and whose laws 
Thou didst love — shall give thee greater 

Light than earth'^s — as earth withdraws. 
To thy God; thy godlike spirit. 

Back we give in filial trust: 
Thy cold clay we grieve to bear it 

To its chamber— but we must i 



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